Alan Rogers

Originally published in 1981, this book explores the plight of the locally born or locally employed faced with spiralling house prices and strong and unequal competition from the wealthier commuter, second-home owner or retirement migrant. It was the first book to examine the policy and planning issues in relation to these problems from the starting point of basic research and analysis.

In April 1754, a French expedition from Canada seized a partially built fortress near the Ohio River in western Pennsylvania, igniting a global conflict between Great Britain and France that culminated nine years later with a treaty granting Britain control of all North America. However, the birth of the first British Empire was accompanied by American discontent, as the colonists, steeped in a political philosophy emphasizing liberty and a distrust of power, began to challenge British authority. During the Great War for Empire (1755–1763), the actions of British generals, who exercised sweeping powers under the Crown, exposed Americans to what they perceived as arbitrary power. Embargoes, forced quartering of soldiers, press gangs, and the subordination of colonial political bodies to military authority all clashed with the colonists' belief in their rights as Englishmen. Although the colonists often resisted these measures, there was no legal recourse to limit the power of the British army, fostering a widespread fear of imperial overreach. After the war, unresolved tensions grew more acute as Britain imposed new economic and political restrictions, prompting American leaders to formalize their opposition to British rule. This book examines the impact of the war on American colonies through illustrative examples, highlighting how experiences of British military and imperial authority during this period sowed the seeds of rebellion. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.

In April 1754, a French expedition from Canada seized a partially built fortress near the Ohio River in western Pennsylvania, igniting a global conflict between Great Britain and France that culminated nine years later with a treaty granting Britain control of all North America. However, the birth of the first British Empire was accompanied by American discontent, as the colonists, steeped in a political philosophy emphasizing liberty and a distrust of power, began to challenge British authority. During the Great War for Empire (1755–1763), the actions of British generals, who exercised sweeping powers under the Crown, exposed Americans to what they perceived as arbitrary power. Embargoes, forced quartering of soldiers, press gangs, and the subordination of colonial political bodies to military authority all clashed with the colonists' belief in their rights as Englishmen. Although the colonists often resisted these measures, there was no legal recourse to limit the power of the British army, fostering a widespread fear of imperial overreach. After the war, unresolved tensions grew more acute as Britain imposed new economic and political restrictions, prompting American leaders to formalize their opposition to British rule. This book examines the impact of the war on American colonies through illustrative examples, highlighting how experiences of British military and imperial authority during this period sowed the seeds of rebellion. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.

Originally published in 1996 Rural Change and Planning describes the turbulent changes that have occurred in rural England and Wales since the outbreak of the First World War. The book describes the changes from an agriculturally-dominated countryside to one which has had to increasingly adapt to urban pressures. Looking at the changes chronologically, the book provides an integrated history of rural planning in the twentieth century and the developments which have taken place within the State, which has facilitated those changes. The book looks at the social and economic impacts of two world wars on agricultural communities, and the pressures of industry, new settlements and the effects of recreation on rural landscapes.

Originally published in 1981, this book explores the plight of the locally born or locally employed faced with spiralling house prices and strong and unequal competition from the wealthier commuter, second-home owner or retirement migrant. It was the first book to examine the policy and planning issues in relation to these problems from the starting point of basic research and analysis.

Originally published in 1996 Rural Change and Planning describes the turbulent changes that have occurred in rural England and Wales since the outbreak of the First World War. The book describes the changes from an agriculturally-dominated countryside to one which has had to increasingly adapt to urban pressures. Looking at the changes chronologically, the book provides an integrated history of rural planning in the twentieth century and the developments which have taken place within the State, which has facilitated those changes. The book looks at the social and economic impacts of two world wars on agricultural communities, and the pressures of industry, new settlements and the effects of recreation on rural landscapes.

The importance of photonics in science and engineering is widely recognized and will continue to increase through the foreseeable future. In particular, applications in telecommunications, medicine, astronomy, industrial sensing, optical computing and signal processing continue to become more diverse. Essentials of Photonics, Second Edition describes the entire range of photonic principles and techniques in detail. Previously named Essentials of Optoelectronics, this newly named second edition of a bestseller felects changes that have occurred in this field. The book presents a new approach that concentrates on the physical principbestles, demonstrating their interdependence, and developing them to explain more complex phenomena. It gives insight into the underlying physical processes in a way that is readable and easy to follow, as well as entirely self-contained. Written by an author with many years of experience in teaching and research, this book includes a detailed treatment of lasers, waveguides (including optical fibres), modulators, detectors, non-linear optics and optical signal processing. This new edition is brought up-to-date with additional sections on photonic crystal fibres, distributed optical-fibre sensing, and the latest developments in optical-fibre communications.

When a four-year-old California girl died on March 9, 1984, the state charged her mother with involuntary man-slaughter because she failed to provide her daughter with medical care, choosing instead to rely on spiritual healing. During the next few years, a half dozen other children of Christian Science parents died under similar circumstances. The children’s deaths and the parents’ trials drew national attention, highlighting a deeply rooted, legal/political struggle to define religious freedom. Through close analysis of these seven cases, legal historian Alan Rogers explores the conflict between religious principles and secular laws that seek to protect children from abuse and neglect. Christian Scientists argued - often with the support of mainline religious groups - that the First Amendment’s “free exercise” clause protected religious belief and behaviour. Insisting that their spiritual care was at least as effective as medical treatment, they thus maintained that parents of seriously ill children had a constitutional right to reject medical care. Congress and state legislatures confirmed this interpretation by inserting religious exemption provisos into child abuse laws. Yet when parental prayer failed and a child died, prosecutors were able to win manslaughter convictions by arguing - as the U. S. Supreme Court had held for more than a century - that religious belief could not trump a neutral, generally applicable law. Children’s advocates then carried this message to state legislatures, eventually winning repeal of religious exemption provisions in a handful of states.

This bestselling book will help anyone who is engaged in teaching adults. Whether you are working with groups or individuals, in a formal or informal setting, face-to-face or via distance learning channels, it will help you to develop a relationship with your student learners while increasing your understanding of yourself as a teacher. The authors examine different aspects of teaching including:What is meant by adult learning and what are the main characteristics of adult learners? What is the nature of learning and how does theory relate to practice? How do teachers plan learning, set goals and objectives and most importantly how does a teacher know when learning has taken place? Each chapter contains a series of activities to help you relate what you are reading to your own experiences. Key features of the new edition include:New research on unconscious and conscious learningAdult learning in formal and non-formal education programmes Fully updated and extended activities Opportunity for teachers to pause and reflect on their role as teachersThis popular book is valuable reading for experienced teachers who wish to reflect on and improve their practice. It is also useful reading for those who are new to teaching and workplace trainers.

The importance of photonics in science and engineering is widely recognized and will continue to increase through the foreseeable future. In particular, applications in telecommunications, medicine, astronomy, industrial sensing, optical computing and signal processing continue to become more diverse. Essentials of Photonics, Second Edition describes the entire range of photonic principles and techniques in detail. Previously named Essentials of Optoelectronics, this newly named second edition of a bestseller felects changes that have occurred in this field. The book presents a new approach that concentrates on the physical principbestles, demonstrating their interdependence, and developing them to explain more complex phenomena. It gives insight into the underlying physical processes in a way that is readable and easy to follow, as well as entirely self-contained. Written by an author with many years of experience in teaching and research, this book includes a detailed treatment of lasers, waveguides (including optical fibres), modulators, detectors, non-linear optics and optical signal processing. This new edition is brought up-to-date with additional sections on photonic crystal fibres, distributed optical-fibre sensing, and the latest developments in optical-fibre communications.

Optical fibers are central to today's telecommunication and sensor technologies, and polarization behavior within these fibers has a profound impact on their performance. This work provides the first definitive treatment of polarization phenomena, and delivers a wealth of analytical and practical knowledge that will be invaluable to engineers seeking to optimize and advance optical fiber performance in these industries. This exhaustively detailed resource explores the various polarization effects, their impact on communications and sensing systems, and the latest techniques to mitigate them. It provides full details on polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and other effects that influence communications. Written by the field's foremost expert, this book will be welcomed by all engineers involved in the design and optimization of telecommunications and measurement-sensing systems.

For more than 300 years Massachusetts executed men and women convicted of murder, but with a sharp eye on ""due proceeding"" and against the backdrop of popular ambivalence about the death penalty's morality, cruelty, efficacy, and constitutionality. In this authoritative book, Alan Rogers offers a comprehensive account of how the efforts of reformers and abolitionists and the Supreme Judicial Court's commitment to the rule of law ultimately converged to end the death penalty in Massachusetts. In the seventeenth century, Governor John Winthrop and the Massachusetts General Court understood murder to be a sin and a threat to the colony's well-being, but the Puritans also drastically reduced the crimes for which death was the prescribed penalty and expanded a capital defendant's rights. Following the Revolution, Americans denounced the death penalty as ""British and brutish"" and the state's Supreme Judicial Court embraced its role as protector of the rights extended to all men by the Massachusetts Constitution. In the 1830s popular opposition nearly stopped the machinery of death and a vote in the Massachusetts House fell just short of abolishing capital punishment. A post - Civil War effort extending civil rights to all men also stimulated significant changes in criminal procedure. A ""monster petition"" begging the governor to spare the life of a murderer convicted on slight circumstantial evidence and the grim prospect of executing nine Chinese men found guilty of murder fueled a passionate debate about the death penalty in the decade before World War I. The trials and executions of Sacco and Vanzetti focused unwanted international and national attention on Massachusetts. This was a turning point. Sara Ehrmann took charge of the newly formed Massachusetts Council Against the Death Penalty, relentlessly lobbied the legislature, and convinced a string of governors not to sign death warrants. In the 1970s the focus shifted to the courts, and eventually, in 1980, the Supreme Judicial Court abolished the death penalty on the grounds that it violated the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Comparative Education Research Centre (CERC) at the University of Hong Kong is proud and privileged to present this book in its series CERC Studies in Comparative Education. Alan Rogers is a distinguished figure in the field of non-formal education, and brings to this volume more than three decades of experience. The book is a masterly account, which will be seen as a milestone in the literature. It is based on the one hand on an exhaustive review of the literature, and on the other hand on extensive practical experience in all parts of the world. It is a truly comparative work, which fits admirably into the series Much of the thrust of Rogers' work is an analysis not only of the significance of non-formal education but also of the reasons for changing fashions in the development community. Confronting a major question at the outset, Rogers ask why the terminology of non-formal education, which was so much in vogue in the 1970s and 1980s, practically disappeared from the mainstream discourse in the 1990s and initial years of the present century. Much of the book is therefore about paradigms in the domain of development studies, and about the ways that fashions may gloss over substance.