Amit Singh

This book is an immersive ethnographic account of how fighters at a Polish-owned Muay Thai/kickboxing gym in East London seek to reject prior identity markers in favour of constructing one another as the same, as fighters, a category supposedly free from the negative assumptions and limitations associated with prior ascriptions such as race, class, gender and sexuality. It explores questions of subjectivity and identity by examining how and why fighters sought to disavow identity, which involved casting aside pre-established ways of thinking, feeling and acting about constructed differences to forge deep bonds of carnal convivial friendships. Yet, this book argues that becoming a fighter is highly socially contingent and remains subject to rupture due to the durability of taken-for-granted thinking about race, gender and sexuality, which, if drawn upon, could pull people out of the category of fighter and back into longer-standing durable categories. This book deploys Butler's theory of performativity and Bourdieu's conceptualisation of habitus to explore the context-specific ways people transgress identity whilst remaining attentive to the constrained nature of agency. The book is intended for undergraduate and master's students on courses looking at race, racism, gender, social anthropology, sociology and sociology of sport.

The smile is one of the most important facial expressions and is essential in expressing friendliness, agreement, and appreciation. Smile is more than a form of communication; it is kind of socialization and attraction. An increasing awareness regarding beauty and physical appearance has become a motivation for every clinician to evaluate the important aspects of patient's smile and link the dynamic relationship between the teeth, gingiva, and lips together when smiling. Excessive gingival display, or what is known as Gummy Smile, is a clinical condition which has attracting a great attention and focus recently. Having knowledge and background about the cause and the treatment of each case of excessive gingival display is essential for making the accurate diagnosis and performing the correct procedure. This book highlights the various causes of excessive gingival display, manifestations of this condition, and some of the important treatment options for Gummy Smile.