Barak Ariel

This book investigates the recent history of the drug market on the dark web and suggests interventions that can be used to curb the trade of illegal products in the internet's underbelly. It outlines the current landscape of this market, highlighting: • What is known about drug markets on the dark web. • How transactions involving illicit goods occur in cryptomarkets. • How the illegal trade of drugs is conducted in the dark web. • The role of blockchain technology in these transactions. The chapters that follow identify effective methods suppliers and purchasers employ to trade under conditions of uncertainty. They explore the role that trust plays in network structures and vendor selections for drug markets. The volume includes a review of the targeting strategies available for law enforcement and offers new solutions to target the trade of illicit goods on the dark web. It is ideal for law enforcement officers and practitioners combatting cybercrime.

Microgeographic units of analysis have moved to the center of criminological inquiry. This Element brings together leading crime-and-place scholars to identify promising areas for future study. Section 1 introduces the Element and the importance of focusing on the future of studies of crime and place. Section 2 examines the development of hot-spots policing and the importance of focusing on its impact on communities. It also looks at how 'pracademics' can advance the science and practice of place-based policing. Section 3 focuses on place managers as prevention agents and examines how city government can influence crime at place. It further contends that rural communities need to become a key focus of crime-and-place scholarship. Section 4 emphasizes the importance of the connection of health, crime, and place. It also argues for the importance of expanding the methodological tools of crime and place to include careful ethnographic and qualitative research.

Microgeographic units of analysis have moved to the center of criminological inquiry. This Element brings together leading crime-and-place scholars to identify promising areas for future study. Section 1 introduces the Element and the importance of focusing on the future of studies of crime and place. Section 2 examines the development of hot-spots policing and the importance of focusing on its impact on communities. It also looks at how 'pracademics' can advance the science and practice of place-based policing. Section 3 focuses on place managers as prevention agents and examines how city government can influence crime at place. It further contends that rural communities need to become a key focus of crime-and-place scholarship. Section 4 emphasizes the importance of the connection of health, crime, and place. It also argues for the importance of expanding the methodological tools of crime and place to include careful ethnographic and qualitative research.

This book explores the growing body of research associated with police legitimacy. It reports on a systematic review to trace, evaluate, and synthesize all the results of published police procedural justice training tests. Further, the volume explores, for the first time, the theoretical relationship between training on procedural justice and both officer self-legitimacy and audience legitimacy as outcomes within the context of counterterrorism policing. It evaluates a number of key topics, including: • The effect of police officers’ higher levels of self-legitimacy on how they conduct themselves. • The design, implementation, and management of a national test examining the effect of a bespoke procedural justice training package aimed at stimulating offices inner confidence. • Audience legitimacy scores in the sensitive world of counterterrorism policing. The chapters that follow explore legitimacy theory, procedural justice, and the lesser-known self-legitimacy component. This volume is ideal for law enforcement professionals, policymakers, criminal justice practitioners, and researchers involved in combating terrorism and improving police legitimacy.

This book investigates the recent history of the drug market on the dark web and suggests interventions that can be used to curb the trade of illegal products in the internet's underbelly. It outlines the current landscape of this market, highlighting: • What is known about drug markets on the dark web. • How transactions involving illicit goods occur in cryptomarkets. • How the illegal trade of drugs is conducted in the dark web. • The role of blockchain technology in these transactions. The chapters that follow identify effective methods suppliers and purchasers employ to trade under conditions of uncertainty. They explore the role that trust plays in network structures and vendor selections for drug markets. The volume includes a review of the targeting strategies available for law enforcement and offers new solutions to target the trade of illicit goods on the dark web. It is ideal for law enforcement officers and practitioners combatting cybercrime.

This brief investigates the usefulness of Body-worn videos (BWVs) in non-policing environments. The first study of this kind, this research presents new datasets related to these devices, including: TOCS’ data on assaults and injuries• Surveys of frontline members of staff• A series of focus groups• BWV activation metadata from BWV vendors• Surveys with British Transport Police’s criminal justice unit. The data sources for this project span thirteen train operating companies across the UK, varying levels of risk of workplace violence, as well as different types of Public-Facing professionals and different BWV devices. Using a mixed-methods approach, this volume ultimately provides insight into the effectiveness of these devices in preventing and controlling risks of violence in the workplace, and recommendations on how to use them. This book is ideal for professionals working in workplace violence reduction and scholars who study technological advents, violence prevention and jurists who are interested in decisions to prosecute offenders.

The fourth book in The SAGE Quantitative Research Kit, this resource covers the basics of designing and conducting basic experiments, outlining the various types of experimental designs available to researchers, while providing step-by-step guidance on how to conduct your own experiment. As well as an in-depth discussion of Random Controlled Trials (RCTs), this text highlights effective alternatives to this method and includes practical steps on how to successfully adopt them. Topics include: · The advantages of randomisation · How to avoid common design pitfalls that reduce the validity of experiments · How to maintain controlled settings and pilot tests · How to conduct quasi-experiments when RCTs are not an option Practical and succintly written, this book will give you the know-how and confidence needed to succeed on your quantitative research journey.

This book explores the potential of domestic abuse data to assess the level of harm caused to victims and the amount of resources required to respond to it. Policing domestic abuse has become a major activity for the police service in England and Wales. Part of the police strategy is to gather hundreds of thousands of detailed records about victims and suspects – the single largest set of domestic abuse records available, but one that to date has largely unexplored by researchers. In this volume, Matthew Bland and Barak Ariel analyse three substantial datasets taken from police forces across the country and ask:· Can police data be used to derive meaningful insight?· How should we use these data to measure harm?· Just how much domestic abuse involves a repeat victim?· Does abuse get more serious over time?· Can serious domestic abuse be predicted before it occurs? This volume illustrates the scale of the challenge the police and other agencies face with reducing domestic abuse. A small proportion of individuals generate a majority of harm; this book argues that police records offer opportunities to identify these individuals before the harm occurs. Demonstrating that statistical techniques can be used to profile domestic abuse to target harm reduction strategies more precisely and even identify a sizable proportion of serious cases before they occur, this volume will be of interest to law enforcement officials, policing researchers, and policy makers interested in reducing the phenomenon of domestic abuse.

This book explores the potential of domestic abuse data to assess the level of harm caused to victims and the amount of resources required to respond to it. Policing domestic abuse has become a major activity for the police service in England and Wales. Part of the police strategy is to gather hundreds of thousands of detailed records about victims and suspects – the single largest set of domestic abuse records available, but one that to date has largely unexplored by researchers. In this volume, Matthew Bland and Barak Ariel analyse three substantial datasets taken from police forces across the country and ask:· Can police data be used to derive meaningful insight?· How should we use these data to measure harm?· Just how much domestic abuse involves a repeat victim?· Does abuse get more serious over time?· Can serious domestic abuse be predicted before it occurs? This volume illustrates the scale of the challenge the police and other agencies face with reducing domestic abuse. A small proportion of individuals generate a majority of harm; this book argues that police records offer opportunities to identify these individuals before the harm occurs. Demonstrating that statistical techniques can be used to profile domestic abuse to target harm reduction strategies more precisely and even identify a sizable proportion of serious cases before they occur, this volume will be of interest to law enforcement officials, policing researchers, and policy makers interested in reducing the phenomenon of domestic abuse.