Blake W. Mobley

For over a decade, operations associated with irregular warfare have placed large demands on U. S. ground forces and have led to development of new Army and Joint doctrine. This report helps analysts identify and assess twelve key factors that create and perpetuate environments susceptible to insurgency, terrorism, and other extremist violence and instability to inform military decisions on allocation of analytic and security assistance resources.

Authoritarian states are digitizing mass surveillance to extend the reach and depth of autocracy in the service of their shared political goals of precluding organized dissent or the possibility of genuine republican governance. The Fragile Dictator: Counterintelligence Pathologies in Authoritarian States will explore how authoritarian pathologies impact the use of these technologies in terms of the authoritarian secret police, and internal and foreign security services and how larger autocratic pathologies are reflected in the behaviors of security organizations seeking their own survival under the autocratic state. The resilience of authoritarianism suggests that twenty-first century globalization is not a particular argument for the demise of dictatorship and Western powers must think about new approaches to defeat authoritarian internal and foreign security services as intensified by authoritarian sponsored clandestine networks. While authoritarianism has been a subject of scholarship before, the emerging digital authoritarianisms are increasingly powerful adversaries to the world's remaining liberal democracies and suggest a need for a different strategic approach when engaging digitized autocracies.