Constantine Nomikos Vaporis

The samurai are often viewed monolithically as fearsome warriors, driven by a fixed code-the Bushido-and bent on dying in service to a lord, or daimyo. However, the Tokugawa Era, the long period of peace (1600 to 1868) after the Shogunate had centralized control in Japan, forced them to adjust. While many samurai continued to uphold martial values, others became bureaucrats, teachers, scholars, artists, and even entrepreneurs. In Samurai: A Biography in Twelve Lives, Constantine Nomikos Vaporis uses the lives of individual samurai during the Tokugawa Period to illuminate and explore this transformation. Twelve biographical portraits, ranging from that of legendary figures like Asano Naganori, to Niijima Yae, one of the few women to achieve warrior renown, illustrate the diversity of experience. Vaporis offers a riveting and comprehensive picture of their evolving identities. As he shows, samurai navigated the societal changes brought on by the "Great Peace" by balancing their warrior heritage with the demands of peacetime service, grappling with financial hardship and reinterpreting loyalty in a shifting political landscape. Vaporis provides a hauntingly humane portrayal of these historical figures while offering readers a deeper understanding of Japan's early modern era.

A captivating and comprehensive guide to Japan's elite class of warriors—revised and updated with over 70 color photographs! The Samurai played a leading role in Japanese society for centuries, and this is the first encyclopedia to showcase the fascinating history and culture of these enigmatic warriors. With a new foreword by Samurai scholar and martial arts expert Alexander Bennet and over 70 new color photographs, this newly designed edition offers the most comprehensive and enticing collection of Samurai information available today. This book contains 171 highly detailed alphabetical entries and essays on a broad variety of intriguing topics, including the following:Samurai weapons and armor, including the fearsome katana swordFamous Samurai including Miyamoto Musashi, Japan's greatest swordsman; Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate; and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a uni er of Japan and notorious persecutor of Christians in the 16th centuryThe Battle of Sekigahara, the largest battle ever to take place in Japan, and the Boshin War, which led to the fall of the shogunate and restoration of imperial powerThe Bushido code—the legendary Samurai code of chivalry and honorThe new foreword by renowned Samurai historian Alexander Bennett provides expert insights into the lives and philosophy of the Samurai. Also included are many informative sidebars, suggestions for further reading, a selection of primary sources, and over 125 illustrations.

Travel in Tokugawa Japan was officially controlled by bakufu and domainal authorities via an elaborate system of barriers, or sekisho, and travel permits; commoners, however, found ways to circumvent these barriers, frequently ignoring the laws designed to control their mobility. In this study, Constantine Vaporis challenges the notion that this system of travel regulations prevented widespread travel, maintaining instead that a “culture of movement” in Japan developed in the Tokugawa era. Using a combination of governmental documentation and travel literature, diaries, and wood-block prints, Vaporis examines the development of travel as recreation; he discusses the impact of pilgrimage and the institutionalization of alms-giving on the freedom of movement commoners enjoyed. By the end of the Tokugawa era, the popular nature of travel and a sophisticated system of roads were well established. Vaporis explores the reluctance of the bakufu to enforce its travel laws, and in doing so, beautifully evokes the character of the journey through Tokugawa Japan.