D M Jethva

The fungus Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) is a generalist (broad-spectrum host range) insect pathogen able to infect nearly 1000 insect species. As for other entomopathogenic fungi of the order Hypocreales, the main route of infection for B. bassiana is the penetration of the insect cuticle, which represents the first encounter and barrier between the fungus and host. Upon the adhesion to and recognition of the insect surface, B. bassiana deploys a combination of biochemical and mechanical tools to make its way through the insect integument into the hemocoel. Once the fungus reaches this nutrient-rich environment, the mycelium switches to a specialized yeast-like cell phenotype; in invertebrate pathology, they are often referred as hyphal bodies or blastospores when they are produced artificially in culture media. At this stage, the insect host has very little chance of surviving the fungal infection despite the activation of the immune response (humoral and cellular) as a last-ditch attempt to overcome the fungus.

Questo libro importante per gli studenti e i ricercatori interessati a lavorare sui nematodi entomopatogeni. Le indagini sulla produzione di massa, sulla dieta artificiale e sulla bioefficacia del nematode entomopatogenoHeterorhabditis indica contro la larva bianca Holotrichia consanguinea (Blanchard), S. litura e H. armigera sono state intraprese presso il Laboratorio di Ricerca sul Biocontrollo, Dipartimento di Entomologia, Universit Agraria di Junagadh, Junagadh nel corso del 2014-15. Il contenuto evidenzia la produzione di massa del nematode entomopatogeno H. indica sulla larva bianca H. consanguinea e sulla dieta artificiale. Bioefficacia di H . indica contro la larva bianca di arachide H. consanguinea, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) e Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Dieses Buch ist wichtig f r Studenten und Forscher, die sich mit entomopathogenen Nematoden besch ftigen. Die Untersuchungen zur Massenproduktion, k nstlichen Ern hrung und Biowirksamkeit des entomopathogenen NematodenHeterorhabditis indica gegen die Engerlinge Holotrichia consanguinea (Blanchard), S. litura und H. armigera wurden 2014-15 im Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, durchgef hrt. Der Inhalt hebt die Massenproduktion des entomopathogenen Nematoden H. indica auf der wei en Engerie H. consanguinea sowie auf k nstlicher Nahrung hervor. Biowirksamkeit von H . indica gegen die Erdnussmaden H. consanguinea, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) und Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Este livro importante para os estudantes e investigadores interessados em trabalhar com nem todos entomopatog nicos. As investiga es sobre a produ o em massa, a dieta artificial e a bioefic cia do nem todo entomopatog nicoHeterorhabditis indica contra a larva branca Holotrichia consanguinea (Blanchard), S. litura e H. armigera foram realizadas no Laborat rio de Investiga o de Biocontrolo, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Agr cola de Junagadh, Junagadh, durante 2014-15. O conte do destaca a produ o em massa do nem todo entomopatog nico H. indica na larva branca H. consanguinea, bem como na dieta artificial. Bio-efic cia de H . indica contra a larva branca do amendoim H. consanguinea, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) e Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

This book having importance for the students and researcher who are interested to work on Entomopathogenic nematodes. The investigations on mass production, artificial diet and bio-efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indica against white grub Holotrichia consanguinea (Blanchard), S. litura and H. armigera was undertaken at Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during 2014-15. The content highlights Mass production of entomopathogenic nematode, H. indica on white grub H. consanguinea as well as on artificial diet. Bio-efficacy of H. indica against groundnut white grub H. consanguinea, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).