Dipika Mitra

Periodontal disease is a multifactorial disease. It comprises a variety of conditions affecting the health of the periodontium. Clinical models of disease activity in patient suffering from periodontitis range from a continuous progression of disease which causes loss of attachment at a slow rate for a longer period, to an episodic burst model which causes loss of attachment at a rapid rate in a short period of time. If left untreated, it leads to further alveolar bone destruction, increased tooth mobility and subsequent tooth lossTraditional diagnostic procedures deal with history and severity of periodontal disease but does not tell about the current disease status. Hence, recent advances in oral and periodontal disease diagnosis are moving toward methods that can identify periodontal disease susceptibility, active sites and individual's response to periodontal therapy by measuring the levels of "BIOMARKERS". This book is the literature review on various biomarkers in periodontology and their role in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases and monitoring treatment outcome.

Periodontitis is a multifactorial infection of the periodontal tissues, caused by local bacterial infection with pathogenic microflora. The elimination of these putative microbes is essential for periodontal healing. In most of the cases, mechanical debridement suppresses these pathogenic flora, however, the effectiveness of these conventional treatment modalities, is limited by lack of accessibility into deeper pockets. This may result in reinfection or creation of reservoirs of the bacterial pockets. Hence, as an adjunct to mechanical therapy, local application /delivery of certain anti-microbials were experimented and were found to be equally effective with minimal side effects. This led to a new era of local drug delivery in Periodontic