E. Grundmann

Na nashej prekrasnoj planete obitaet primerno 2 mln vidov zhivotnykh, i okolo 42 000 iz nikh nakhoditsja pod ugrozoj vymiranija. My mozhem ostanovit dannyj protsess. No kak zhe eto sdelat? POZNAKOMTES S REDKIMI VIDAMI ZHIVOTNYKh I UZNAJTE SPOSOBY SOKHRANIT IKh! Eta kniga dlja neravnodushnykh ljudej. Otkryv ee, vy uznaete, kak imenno vy smozhete zaschitit ischezajuschikh zhivotnykh, bez kotorykh nash mir ne byl by takim chudesnym mestom. Vsjo v nashikh rukakh!

(North American) Blastomycosis is caused by the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermati- tidis, first described by Gilchrist andStokes in 1896. The perfect stage was grown by Mc- Donough and Lewis in 1967 and is known as Ajellomyces dermatitidis. In the body and on appropriate media at 37 C, the organism presents itself as a round, thick-walled budding yeast cell, characteristically with a broad porus between mother and daughter cells. The yeast cell is multinucleated. For many years, North America was assumed to be the only place where blastomycosis was found, but recent demonstration of indigenous African cases changed this impression (Emmons et al., 1964). Within the United States, more cases are seen in Kentucky, Ohio, the Carolinas, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Tennessee, Arkansas, and the Virginias than in the remainder of the country (Chick, 1971). In Mexico, occasionally, and in the provinces of Canada adjacent to the endemic areas of the United States, endemic blasto- mycosis has been recognized. Soil has been long suspected as the habitat for the fungus, but recovery from soil has seldom been successful (Denton and Di Salvo, 1964). The primary infection is, as a rule, pulmonary with frequent secondary foci in skin, bone, male genital system, and, eventually, spares no organ in widely disseminated cases. The rare cases of primary cutaneous blastomycosis are consequences of accidental percutaneous laboratory infection. These can be clinically easily differentiated from the average case of secondary hematogenous spread to the skin (Landay and Schwarz, 1971).

Das vorliegende Werk in Buch- und Diskettenform ist die Übersetzung des Morphologieteils der englischen ICD-0-Ausgabe aus dem Jahre 1990. Berücksichtigt wurden die neu eingeführten Tumor-Entitäten mit Anmerkungen zur Diagnostik und die histologisch-zytologische Charakterisierung dieser Tumoren. Auf diese Weise ist eine alle Tumoren umfassende aktuelle Klassifikation entstanden. Für die Kodierung auf den Meldebogen aller Tumorregister ist dieses Buch unverzichtbar.

organ systems. Bronchogenic carcinoma in man develops as a result of chronic exposure to carcinogenic inhalants. Extensive studies on cigarette smokers 3 and 4 uranium miners have shown that a number of morphological abnormalities can be recognized in the bronchial mucosa prior to deve10pment of frank neopla- 5 sia. Similar lesions are experimentally induced in dogs exposed to tobacco smoke . Thus it appears that aseries of sequential histological and cytological changes develop, which with continued exposure to tobacco smoke eventually progress to invasive carcinoma. It is conceivable that some early epithelial lesions may become stationary or may even revert when carcinogen exposure is discontinued, 6 since the lung cancer risk of ex-smokers appears to dec1ine . This points to the potential practical usefulness of morphogenetic studies of experimentally induced respiratory tract neoplasms, provided the proper experimental model c1ose1y resembling human bronchogenic carcinoma is available, since it is much easier to reconstruct the deve10pment of sequential changes leading to invasive carcinoma in experimental than in human material. It should also be possible experimentally to distinguish between reversible and irreversible carcinogen-in- duced lesions and between toxic and carcinogenic changes. Knowledge obtained from such studies could he1p to improve the diagnosis of precancerous lesions and preinvasive carcinoma. As in most other areas of disease control, problems of early diagnosis and effective therapy are also c1ose1y linked in the treatment of lung cancer.