Erling Holden

Taking the ethical foundations from the seminal UN Report (1987) Our Common Future, this revised and updated second edition builds a model that emphasizes three equally important moral imperatives – satisfying human needs, ensuring social justice, and respecting environmental limits. The model presented identifies sustainability themes and assigns thresholds to them, defining the space within which sustainable development can be achieved wherein it recognises that different countries face different challenges and must follow different pathways. This revised edition has been brought up to date throughout and contains three new chapters exploring the history of the concept, including the status of the UN SDGs, competing indicators and models of sustainable development, and an overview of global and local changes in the six sustainability themes. It is divided into four parts, each contributing to a deeper understanding of what sustainable development is and what is required to achieve it, including an introduction to key arguments, theoretical foundations and competing models, new empirical knowledge discussing how different countries position themselves in relation to sustainable development, and future directions, offering perspectives on how it can be achieved locally and globally. Building on the extensive literature exploring needs, equity, justice, environmental science, ecology, and economics, this book will be essential reading for everyone interested in the future of sustainable development and in the complex environmental and social issues involved.

Taking the ethical foundations from the seminal UN Report (1987) Our Common Future, this revised and updated second edition builds a model that emphasizes three equally important moral imperatives – satisfying human needs, ensuring social justice, and respecting environmental limits. The model presented identifies sustainability themes and assigns thresholds to them, defining the space within which sustainable development can be achieved wherein it recognises that different countries face different challenges and must follow different pathways. This revised edition has been brought up to date throughout and contains three new chapters exploring the history of the concept, including the status of the UN SDGs, competing indicators and models of sustainable development, and an overview of global and local changes in the six sustainability themes. It is divided into four parts, each contributing to a deeper understanding of what sustainable development is and what is required to achieve it, including an introduction to key arguments, theoretical foundations and competing models, new empirical knowledge discussing how different countries position themselves in relation to sustainable development, and future directions, offering perspectives on how it can be achieved locally and globally. Building on the extensive literature exploring needs, equity, justice, environmental science, ecology, and economics, this book will be essential reading for everyone interested in the future of sustainable development and in the complex environmental and social issues involved.

Vår moderne verden har et enormt behov for tilgang på energi i form av elektrisitet, varme og drivstoff. Fossile energikilder, som har dominert til nå, er ikke bare skadelige for miljø og klima, de tar også slutt en gang. Derfor er fornybar energi veien fremover, men er det helt uten ulemper og utfordringer? I denne læreboka får du en grunnleggende innføring i energisystemets oppbygning, og en forståelse av de fysiske størrelsene og prinsippene som ligger til grunn for utvinning av energi fra ulike kilder. Hva innebærer det i praksis når vi skal gå fra fossilsamfunnet til fornybarsamfunnet? Egne kapitler er viet innføring i de fornybare energikildene vannkraft, vindkraft, bioenergi, solenergi, geotermisk energi og havenergi. Her går forfatterne inn på alt fra produksjon, bruk og potensiale nasjonalt og globalt, til hvordan du regner på effekt og energiproduksjon. Alle kapitlene har (regne)oppgaver med fasit. Læreboka er skrevet for ingeniørstudenter og andre studenter som har valgt en utdanning der fornybar energi inngår.

FNs bærekraftsmål har satt bærekraftig utvikling på dagsorden. Men hva er ideen som målene hviler på? Hvilke verktøy har vi for å omsette målene til handling? Ideen om bærekraftig utvikling er eldre enn bærekraftsmålene og er tett vevd sammen med ideen om rettferdighet: rettferdighet mellom oss som lever i dag og framtidige generasjoner, mellom oss som bor i den rike delen av verden og de fattige, og mellom mennesker og naturen rundt oss. I denne boka gir forfatterne et innblikk i ideens historie og teoriene som fyller ideen med innhold. De presenterer fortellinger som viser hvordan bærekraft kan realiseres, og de gir en oversikt over hvilke verktøy som står til rådighet når politikere, bedrifter og individer vil gi sine bidrag til en bærekraftig utvikling. Skal vi nå bærekraftsmålene, må vi gjennomføre grunnleggende omstillinger av hvordan vi organiserer samfunnene våre og hvordan vi tenker om bærekraft. Her må alle bidra med sine verktøy. Til slutt minner forfatterne om at bærekraft er noe vi bør strekke oss etter. Det er ingen som tvinger oss - vi kan velge en annen vei, en annen idé. Eller kan vi det? Erling Holden er professor ved Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet. Kristin Linnerud er professor ved Høgskulen på Vestlandet, og forsker ved CICERO, senter for klimaforskning.

Thirty years ago, the UN report Our Common Future placed sustainable development firmly on the international agenda. The Imperatives of Sustainable Development takes the ethical foundations of Our Common Future and builds a model that emphasizes three equally important moral imperatives – satisfying human needs, ensuring social justice, and respecting environmental limits. This model suggests sustainability themes and assigns thresholds to them, thereby defining the space within which sustainable development can be achieved. The authors accept that there is no single pathway to the sustainable development space. Different countries face different challenges and must follow different pathways. This perspective is applied to all countries to determine whether the thresholds of the sustainability themes selected have been met, now and in the past. The authors build on the extensive literature on needs, equity, justice, environmental science, ecology, and economics, and show how the three moral imperatives can guide policymaking. The Imperatives of Sustainable Development synthesizes past reasoning, summarizes the present debate, and provides a clear direction for future thinking. This book will be essential reading for everyone interested in the future of sustainable development and in the complex environmental and social issues involved.

Thirty years ago, the UN report Our Common Future placed sustainable development firmly on the international agenda. The Imperatives of Sustainable Development takes the ethical foundations of Our Common Future and builds a model that emphasizes three equally important moral imperatives – satisfying human needs, ensuring social justice, and respecting environmental limits. This model suggests sustainability themes and assigns thresholds to them, thereby defining the space within which sustainable development can be achieved. The authors accept that there is no single pathway to the sustainable development space. Different countries face different challenges and must follow different pathways. This perspective is applied to all countries to determine whether the thresholds of the sustainability themes selected have been met, now and in the past. The authors build on the extensive literature on needs, equity, justice, environmental science, ecology, and economics, and show how the three moral imperatives can guide policymaking. The Imperatives of Sustainable Development synthesizes past reasoning, summarizes the present debate, and provides a clear direction for future thinking. This book will be essential reading for everyone interested in the future of sustainable development and in the complex environmental and social issues involved.

Sustainable mobility has become the new imperative for transport policy. There have been a number of policy attempts at sustainable mobility globally, such as the development of more efficient conventional transport technologies, the promotion of efficient and affordable public transport systems and the encouragement of environmental awareness. Such policies have so often been presented as prerequisites for sustainable mobility that they are now taken for granted. But are any of these policies really successful? To what extent do they actually contribute (or fail to contribute) to sustainable mobility? Why do some policies succeed and others fail? Using an interdisciplinary approach which brings together various theories and methodologies, this book tests each of these policies - or hypotheses, as the author sees them - with detailed empirical investigations. It also argues that leisure-time travel should be included in any sustainable mobility policies, as it now accounts for 50 per cent of all annual travel distance in developed countries. The book concludes by suggesting fourteen theses of sustainable mobility for the EU and a new model for future best practice.

Sustainable mobility has become the new imperative for transport policy. There have been a number of policy attempts at sustainable mobility globally, such as the development of more efficient conventional transport technologies, the promotion of efficient and affordable public transport systems and the encouragement of environmental awareness. Such policies have so often been presented as prerequisites for sustainable mobility that they are now taken for granted. But are any of these policies really successful? To what extent do they actually contribute (or fail to contribute) to sustainable mobility? Why do some policies succeed and others fail? Using an interdisciplinary approach which brings together various theories and methodologies, this book tests each of these policies - or hypotheses, as the author sees them - with detailed empirical investigations. It also argues that leisure-time travel should be included in any sustainable mobility policies, as it now accounts for 50 per cent of all annual travel distance in developed countries. The book concludes by suggesting fourteen theses of sustainable mobility for the EU and a new model for future best practice.