Government Accountability Office

GAO-18-206 FINAL REPORT, November 2017 DOD installations overseas have experienced operational and budgetary risks posed by weather effects associated with climate change impacts at the military services' installations in each of DOD's geographic combatant commands. This book demonstrates the very real impact of global warming and the need to strengthen the resiliency of infrastructure used by DOD. This book identifies recommendations for executive action. Climate change deniers can stick their heads in the sand and pretend climate change is not real, but this book explains the science behind what is happening and clearly documents what should otherwise be obvious. In addition to sea level will rise, the DoD installations have been damaged by extreme weather events. To make matters worse, the land is sinking in some places and groundwater is being impacted. Global weather conditions are getting worse so even if the sea level rises slower than expected, hurricane storm surge and increased rainfall will wreak havoc with the electric grid, natural gas pipelines, municipal water and sewage treatment plants. Climate change will also result in humanitarian stressors for the DoD to deal with after a natural disaster. That said, we can expect wildfires in parts of the country not known for wildfires and flooding everywhere along the coasts. In our books "Sea Level Rise Maps" we show where coastal flooding will begin starting as early as the year 2030. We can expect to lose more than fancy beach houses. At least 30 major airports in cities like Boston, New York's JFK and LaGuardia, Newark, Philadelphia, Miami, San Diego and San Francisco will all be completely underwater by the year 2100 - and there is nothing anyone can do about it. Even if we reduce our carbon footprint to zero today, the process has already begun. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print this book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the latest version from Amazon.com https: //usgovpub.com

GAO-16-410G August 2016 Managing complex Information Technology (IT) acquisitions has been a long-standing challenge for federal agencies. Many of the government's most costly and complex acquisition efforts require the development of cutting-edge technologies and their integration into large and complex systems. Such acquisition efforts use existing technologies, but in new applications or environments. Anyone that has worked in IT knows that the technology (both hardware and software) evolves rapidly and keeping up with the latest capability while relying on government acquisition procedures is challenging to say the least. Soon as you think you are on the cutting edge you find that the edge just moved further away. The Technology Readiness Assessment (TRA) is a systematic, evidence-based process that evaluates the maturity of hardware and software technologies critical to the performance of a larger system or the fulfillment of the key objectives of an acquisition program. TRAs, which measure the technical maturity of a technology or system at a specific point in time, do not eliminate technology risk, but when done well, can illuminate concerns and serve as the basis for realistic discussions on how to mitigate potential risks as programs move from the early stages of technology development, where resource requirements are relatively modest, to system development and beyond, where resource requirements are often substantial. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print this book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). Some documents found on the web are missing some pages or the image quality is so poor, they are difficult to read. We look over each document carefully and replace poor quality images by going back to the original source document. We proof each document to make sure it's all there - including all changes. If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the latest version from Amazon.com This book includes original commentary which is copyright material. Note that government documents are in the public domain. We print these large documents as a service so you don't have to. The books are compact, tightly-bound, full-size (8 1/2 by 11 inches), with large text and glossy covers. 4th Watch Publishing Co. is a SDVOSB. If you like the service we provide, please leave positive review on Amazon.com. Without positive feedback from the community, we may discontinue the service and y'all can go back to printing these books manually yourselves. www.usgovpub.com Other books available on www. Amazon.com: GAO Green Book - Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government GAO Yellow Book - Government Auditing Standards GAO Financial Audit Manual DoD 7000.14 - R Financial Management Regulation Defense Acquisition Guidebook (Chapters 1 - 10) Federal Acquisition Regulation - Complete Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation - Complete OMB No. A-123 - Management's Responsibility for Enterprise Risk Management and Internal Control OMB A-130 & Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA) Federal Information System Controls Audit Manual (FISCAM) GAO Cost Estimating and Assessment Guide GAO Schedule Assessment Guide

GAO-16-89G December 2015 with Table of Contents on back. This schedule guide is a companion to the Cost Estimating and Assessment Guide (GAO-09-3SP). A cost estimate cannot be considered credible if it does not account for the cost effects of schedule slippage. An effective methodology for developing, managing, and evaluating capital program cost estimates includes the concept of scheduling the necessary work to a timeline, as discussed in the Cost Guide. Typically, schedule variances are followed by cost variances and management tends to respond to schedule delays by adding more resources or authorizing overtime. Therefore, a reliable schedule can contribute to an understanding of the cost impact if the program does not finish on time. Further, a schedule risk analysis allows for program management to account for the cost effects of schedule slippage when developing the life-cycle cost estimate. Having managed many construction projects over the years in the U. S., Europe and the Middle East, I can tell you that without a good (reasonable) schedule, a project cannot stay within budget. Budget is more important than schedule as far as I am concerned but without a well thought out schedule, the budget will be busted. Schedule slippage is bound to happen on any project due to unforeseen circumstances such as weather and politics, but I have a problem with circumstances that should have been foreseen. As a manager of project managers, I always took the approach that if something goes wrong, it is the Project Manager's fault. Many PMs working for me over the years felt this was unfair, but that's how it is. If there is a delay, the PM should have anticipated that and figured out a work-around. I don't give bonuses to projects that are behind schedule. I recommend you do the same. They will get over it. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print this book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). Some documents found on the web are missing some pages or the image quality is so poor, they are difficult to read. We look over each document carefully and replace poor quality images by going back to the original source document. We proof each document to make sure it's all there - including all changes. If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the latest version from Amazon.com This book includes original commentary which is copyright material. Note that government documents are in the public domain. We print these large documents as a service so you don't have to. The books are compact, tightly-bound, full-size (8 1/2 by 11 inches), with large text and glossy covers. 4th Watch Publishing Co. is a SDVOSB. usgovpub.com