Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein

In seiner aktualisierten zweiten Auflage beschreibt dieses Buch die Bedeutung von neuen chiralen Umweltschadstoffen für die Umwelt, Mensch und Tier. Vor allem enantiomer selektiver Trenn- und Analyseverfahren für zahlreiche chirale Umweltschadstoffe werden kritisch beschrieben. Im Vergleich zur ersten Auflage von 2001 wurde die Neuauflage vollständig umstrukturiert, und eine Fülle neuer Materialien hinzugefügt, um der fachlichen Weiterentwicklungen der letzten 20 Jahre Rechnung zu tragen. Das Buch berichtet über moderne enantiomer selektive Trennverfahren, einschließlich enantiomer selektiver Chromatographietechniken, die sogar erfolgreich im Weltraum während der ESA-Rosetta-Mission getestet wurden. Die Autoren stellen dar, warum das Thema chirale Umweltschadstoffe in den letzten Jahrzehnten noch wichtiger geworden ist. In den letzten Jahren wurden viele neue chirale bioaktive Verbindungen für Anwendungen in Medizin, Landwirtschaft und Technische Verbraucherprodukte entwickelt. Umweltanalysen zeigen, dass Spuren dieser Verbindungen inzwischen auch in der Umwelt zu finden sind. Die Autoren erläutern ausführlich, dass das Prinzip Chiralität heutzutage ein sehr wichtiger Faktor für die Bewertung der Bioaktivität anthropogener Schadstoffe sein kann. In diesem Buch finden Leser eine detaillierte Einführung in das Thema. Diese Einführung beinhaltet auch alle wichtigen Aspekte, ausgehend von der Einführung neuer enantiomer selektiver analytischer Methoden neu entdeckter chiraler Umweltschadstoffe bis hin zu Aspekten der Umwelt- und Humantoxikologie. Unter anderem werden sowohl Methoden zur enantiomer selektiver Risikobewertung ausgewählte chirale Stoffe aber auch bedeutende Aspekte des Klimawandels näher beleuchtet. Das Buch ist daher ein Muss für alle, die im Bereich chiraler Umweltschadstoffe arbeiten. Außerdem kann es ist auch für Lehrzwecke in spezialisierten Bachelor- und Mastergradskursen sowie für fortgeschrittene analytische Chemie, pharmazeutische Analytik oder Umweltchemie von Nutzen sein.

Now in its updated second edition, this book describes emerging chiral environmental pollutants and their importance in environmental and human toxicology, as well as enantiomer selective separation and analytical methods. Compared to the first edition from 2001, the book has been completely restructured and a wealth of new material has been added to account for new developments. The book reports on the modern enantiomer selective separation methods, including enantio-selective chromatography techniques, which have even been successfully tested in space during the ESA Rossetta mission. The authors clearly outline why the topic of chiral environmental pollutants has become even more important: many new chiral compounds have been released in recent years (e.g. as new pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals), and traces of these compounds can now be found in the environment. The authors explain that (and how) chirality can be a very important feature for the bioactivityof anthropogenic pollutants. In this book, readers find an introduction to the topic, including all important aspects, from the introduction of new enantiomer selective analytical methods, and of emerging chiral environmental pollutants, to aspects on environmental and human toxicology and exposure, risk assessment, and aspects on climate change as well as other new aspects on chirality in the environment. The book is thus a must-read for everybody working in the field of chiral environmental pollutants, but it is also beneficial for teaching purposes in specialized post-graduate courses in advanced analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical analytics, or environmental chemistry.

Now in its updated second edition, this book describes emerging chiral environmental pollutants and their importance in environmental and human toxicology, as well as enantiomer selective separation and analytical methods. Compared to the first edition from 2001, the book has been completely restructured and a wealth of new material has been added to account for new developments. The book reports on the modern enantiomer selective separation methods, including enantio-selective chromatography techniques, which have even been successfully tested in space during the ESA Rossetta mission. The authors clearly outline why the topic of chiral environmental pollutants has become even more important: many new chiral compounds have been released in recent years (e.g. as new pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals), and traces of these compounds can now be found in the environment. The authors explain that (and how) chirality can be a very important feature for the bioactivityof anthropogenic pollutants. In this book, readers find an introduction to the topic, including all important aspects, from the introduction of new enantiomer selective analytical methods, and of emerging chiral environmental pollutants, to aspects on environmental and human toxicology and exposure, risk assessment, and aspects on climate change as well as other new aspects on chirality in the environment. The book is thus a must-read for everybody working in the field of chiral environmental pollutants, but it is also beneficial for teaching purposes in specialized post-graduate courses in advanced analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical analytics, or environmental chemistry.

The knowledge of metal ion speciation is essential for predicting the exact toxicities of metal ion species in the environment. Metal ions can exist in various oxidation states, each of which possesses different physical and chemical properties as well as exhibit varying toxicities. Often, toxicity data is unreliable because it is based on metal ion concentration measurements that fail to identify a dominant species either more or less harmful than the average. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation provides analytical techniques and experimental methodologies for determining the concentration of the different physicochemical forms of metal ions in environmental and biological samples, leading to more accurate measurements of actual toxicity. The authors introduce the principles of metal ion speciation and discuss important analytical techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and both electrochemical and radiochemical methods used to determine concentration and composition. They present a range of liquid chromatographic approaches, including capillary electrochromatography and high-performance, ion, ion pair, micellar electrokinetic, size exclusion, chiral, and supercritical fluid chromatographies for all metal ion species. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers the sources, distribution, toxicity, biotransformation, and biodegradation of each metal ions species as well as extraction methods, sample preparation, and experimental optimization techniques that can be useful in designing future experiments. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation is a unique and valuable source of reference for scientists, academics, and researchers involved in analytical, biological, pharmaceutical, and environmental chemistries, as well as material industries, geochemistry, agriculture, biotechnology, and occupational safety and regulations.

Detection of drugs at low concentration is required in a variety of biological and medical situations, in order to avoid harmful side effects posed by some drug residues. The book details the instrumentation, detection, and application of nano chromatography (that is, any chromatographic and capillary electrophoretic method dealing with the detection of a sample at nano gram per liter or lower) and capillary electrophoresis in the analyses of biological and environmental samples. Methods discussed include: Nano Gas Chromatography, Nano Capillary Electrophoresis, Nano Chiral Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, and Nano High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

The knowledge of metal ion speciation is essential for predicting the exact toxicities of metal ion species in the environment. Metal ions can exist in various oxidation states, each of which possesses different physical and chemical properties as well as exhibit varying toxicities. Often, toxicity data is unreliable because it is based on metal ion concentration measurements that fail to identify a dominant species either more or less harmful than the average. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation provides analytical techniques and experimental methodologies for determining the concentration of the different physicochemical forms of metal ions in environmental and biological samples, leading to more accurate measurements of actual toxicity. The authors introduce the principles of metal ion speciation and discuss important analytical techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and both electrochemical and radiochemical methods used to determine concentration and composition. They present a range of liquid chromatographic approaches, including capillary electrochromatography and high-performance, ion, ion pair, micellar electrokinetic, size exclusion, chiral, and supercritical fluid chromatographies for all metal ion species. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers the sources, distribution, toxicity, biotransformation, and biodegradation of each metal ions species as well as extraction methods, sample preparation, and experimental optimization techniques that can be useful in designing future experiments. Instrumental Methods in Metal Ion Speciation is a unique and valuable source of reference for scientists, academics, and researchers involved in analytical, biological, pharmaceutical, and environmental chemistries, as well as material industries, geochemistry, agriculture, biotechnology, and occupational safety and regulations.

The chiral analysis of environmental pollutants is a fairly recent development and attracts scientists needing to investigate the toxicity of enantiomers. For example, approximately 25% of agrochemicals are chiral in nature, including pesticides that are applied as their racemates in agricultural and forestry activities. To predict the exact toxicity of pollutants the determination of the concentration of both enantiomers in environmental matrices is essential. Various approaches to chiral resolution have been developed for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and drugs but this is the first text to present detailed metholodology on the chiral separation of pollutants. This book is divided into 10 chapters: the first is an introduction to the principles of chirality; Chapters 2 to 9 discuss the sources, distribution, biotransformation, toxicity, sample preparation and chiral resolution of environmental pollutants by chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. In addition, the optimization of experimental parameters for chromatographic and capillary electrophoretic techniques is presented, making this book a useful ‘how to’ guide to chiral pollutants analysis. Coverage of the types, structures and properties of chiral stationary phases and their applications for the analysis of chiral pollutants is also presented. The concluding chapter reports on chiral legislation globally, and presents perspectives which could guide future research in this area. This book will be of interest to researchers in biology, analytical chemistry and the environmental in industry, academia and governmental regulatory agencies.

Vibrational Spectroscopy Applications in Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences synthesizes the latest research on the applications of vibrational spectroscopy in biomedical, pharmaceutical and food analysis. Suitable for graduate-level students as well as experienced researchers in academia and industry, this book is organized into five distinct sections. The first deals with the fundamentals of vibrational spectroscopy, with the second presenting the most important sampling methodology used for infrared and Raman spectroscopy in various fields of interest. Since spectroscopy is the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter, this section deals with the characteristics, properties and absorption of electromagnetic radiation. Final sections describe the analytical studies performed all over the world in biomedical, pharmaceutical and in the food sciences.

Quality and reliability are central to success in every discipline, but perhaps nowhere are they more important or more interconnected than in the practice of analytical chemistry. Here, although reliable analytical information implies quality, not all "quality" information proves reliable. Quality and Reliability in Analytical Chemistry examines the various factors affecting these parameters in each step of the analytical process: The Sample: Investigate the reliability of the sample, including its history and homogeneity. The Method: See the connection between reliability and the selection of analytical methods for environmental, food, and clinical analyses. The Instruments: Examine the relationship between reliability and your instrumentation. Data Processing: Consider the importance of chemometrics in the reliability of data processing. Automation: Explore automation of the analytic process through discussion of its parameters - rapidity, reproducibility, flexibility, and reliability. Standards and Standardization: Understand how quality and reliability cannot be assured without using standards for measurement and how only reliable methods can be standardized. The goal of the analytic process is to obtain high quality information with high reliability. Quality and Reliability in Analytical Chemistry helps you meet that goal and thereby satisfy your quality assurance and quality control requirements.

Quality and reliability are central to success in every discipline, but perhaps nowhere are they more important or more interconnected than in the practice of analytical chemistry. Here, although reliable analytical information implies quality, not all "quality" information proves reliable. Quality and Reliability in Analytical Chemistry examines the various factors affecting these parameters in each step of the analytical process: The Sample: Investigate the reliability of the sample, including its history and homogeneity. The Method: See the connection between reliability and the selection of analytical methods for environmental, food, and clinical analyses. The Instruments: Examine the relationship between reliability and your instrumentation. Data Processing: Consider the importance of chemometrics in the reliability of data processing. Automation: Explore automation of the analytic process through discussion of its parameters - rapidity, reproducibility, flexibility, and reliability. Standards and Standardization: Understand how quality and reliability cannot be assured without using standards for measurement and how only reliable methods can be standardized. The goal of the analytic process is to obtain high quality information with high reliability. Quality and Reliability in Analytical Chemistry helps you meet that goal and thereby satisfy your quality assurance and quality control requirements.

Reports up-to-date research developments on purifying and isolation large organic molecules. The text provides information on high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis (CE) as tools for analyzing biomacromolecules and developing new biochemical and medicinal compounds. It applies biochemical separation technology to the study of macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and more.

Provides an authoritative source of practical information on stereochemistry and its impact on drug development. Unlike other books which focus on synthesis, this work explores analytical, pharmacological, and regulatory topics in dealing with the theory and practice of stereochemistry in the pharmaceutical industry today. It specifically addresses how the body metabolizes chiral molecules; the varying effects of different chiral molecules; and provides detailed evaluations of current seperation techniques. Includes regulatory information.