Hend Hachicha

We recruited 40 patients (16 men and 24 women). The mean age of these patients was 69 11.78 years 36-86 years]. On the basis of clinical data, we suggested Alzheimer's disease (AD) in 26 patients, frontotemporal lobar degeneration in 7, dementia with Lewy bodies (MLD) in 4, and 3 patients were classified in the group of other types of dementia (progressive supra-nuclear palsy, cortico-basal degeneration and multisystematic atrophy). For AD, the sensitivity and specificity of the 3 biomarkers (Aβ (1-42), T-tau and P-tau) were 82% and 100% respectively. Concordance between neuropsychological test results, scintigraphic appearance and biomarker profile was noted in 77.5% of cases. MIBG myocardial scintigraphy was of interest in the diagnosis of In DD, no single examination proved of sufficient value to pinpoint the etiology. Convergent data from certain paraclinical examinations are necessary in early and atypical forms, particularly in cases of persistent diagnostic doubt.

Sperm DNA fragmentation involves single- or double-strand breaks in the genetic material of sperm cells. It is an anomaly likely to reduce the fertilizing power of spermatozoa. It is therefore one of the causes of male infertility. The study of sperm DNA fragmentation is therefore an integral part of the work-up for male infertility, with spermogram analysis on the one hand, and assisted reproduction techniques on the other. Flow cytometry is one of the approaches used in clinical practice to assess sperm DNA fragmentation. On the other hand, increased sperm DNA fragmentation can be associated with several extrinsic factors (such as heat exposure, smoking, urogenital infections and varicocele) or intrinsic factors related to defective germ cell maturation linked to oxidative stress. Some of these factors may be reversible and/or curable, which could improve sperm DNA quality and the couple's obstetrical prognosis.

La fragmentation de l'ADN spermatique consiste des cassures simples ou doubles brins dans le mat riel g n tique des spermatozo des. C'est une anomalie susceptible de r duire le pouvoir f condant des spermatozo des. Elle constitue de ce fait une des tiologies de l'infertilit masculine. Ainsi, l' tude de la fragmentation de l'ADN spermatique trouve sa place dans le bilan d'exploration de l'infertilit masculine avec l'analyse du spermogramme d'une part, et dans le cadre des techniques de procr ation m dicalement assist es d'autre part. La technique de cytom trie en flux est l'une des approches utilis es en pratique clinique pour valuer la fragmentation de l'ADN spermatique. D'autre part, une fragmentation accrue de l'ADN spermatique peut tre associ e plusieurs facteurs extrins ques (tels que l'exposition la chaleur, le tabagisme, les infections urog nitales et la varicoc le) ou intrins ques en rapport avec une maturation d fectueuse des cellules germinales li es au stress oxydatif. Certains de ces facteurs peuvent tre r versibles et/ou curables ce qui pourrait am liorer la qualit de l'ADN spermatique et le pronostic obst trical du couple.