Hossein Gholami

The construction industry is always looking for ways to increase efficiency and produce new and surprising features. One of the best mentioned cases in this industry is the use of glass or transparent concrete. The main purpose of its design and construction is to use aesthetic aspects in interior and exterior design. Transparent concrete is one of the newest building materials with a combination of concrete particles and optical fiber, which can be used instead of prefabricated panels or semi-transparent blocks. Globalization and the construction of tall buildings and the reduction of space between buildings have increased the use of non-renewable energy sources and smart construction techniques (such as green buildings and indoor heating systems). Therefore, this type of concrete is a new technique that, compared to ordinary concrete, uses sunlight instead of electricity. This concrete has the ability to transmit light to the other side due to the presence of optical fiber particles. Glass is a strange material that provides endless potential to transform a place into a functional and beautiful space, and recent advances in technology have increased these possibilities.

Conservation of Energy and Momentum: For the structural engineer, it is important to keep in mind the principles of conservation of energy and momentum. This often helps predict the behavior of a building under wind and earthquake loads. Pendulum systems: in this context, evaluating the characteristics of a structural pendulum is a very important structural concept. This helps in devising stabilizing systems that bring the structure back into equilibrium. while giving it sufficient elasticity to accept and bear external loads. For example, skyscrapers or bridges can start swaying back and forth after being hit by a strong wind. Free Vibration: Free vibration occurs when a building is out of its stable equilibrium. This may be due to an earthquake or similar natural event. As a result, the building vibrates or swings without any additional external interference. Expressed in cycles of vibration, with the number of cycles representing the natural frequency of the building, free vibration is important. It is possible to reduce and completely stop free vibration by using damping elements.

A causa della diminuzione delle precipitazioni e della siccit nell'ultimo decennio e della mancanza di acqua in un'ampia area del Paese, la gestione delle acque sotterranee molto importante e delicata. Al fine di applicare una gestione corretta, profondamente sentita la necessit di identificare e modellare e prevedere le fluttuazioni della falda acquifera in pianura per una pianificazione a lungo termine e per un maggiore e migliore utilizzo delle potenzialit idriche della pianura. Diversi fattori e fattori influenzano il livello delle acque sotterranee, tra cui i fattori meteorologici (temperatura, precipitazioni, evaporazione), la quantit di scarico e di alimentazione dalla falda, ecc. che rendono difficile l'analisi di questo fenomeno. formazione I modelli fisico-concettuali, la regressione e le serie temporali sono i metodi pi comuni per analizzare le fluttuazioni del livello delle acque sotterranee (idrogramma).

En raison de la diminution des pr cipitations et de la s cheresse au cours de la derni re d cennie et du manque d'eau dans une grande partie du pays, la gestion des eaux souterraines est tr s importante et sensible. Afin d'appliquer une gestion correcte, le besoin d'identifier, de mod liser et de pr dire les fluctuations de la nappe phr atique dans les plaines pour une planification long terme et une meilleure utilisation du potentiel hydrique des plaines est profond ment ressenti. Diff rents facteurs affectent le niveau des eaux souterraines, parmi lesquels les facteurs m t orologiques (temp rature, pr cipitations, vaporation), l'importance de l' coulement et de l'alimentation de la nappe, etc., ce qui rend l'analyse de ce ph nom ne difficile. formation Les mod les physico-conceptuels, la r gression et les s ries chronologiques sont les m thodes les plus courantes d'analyse des fluctuations du niveau des eaux souterraines (hydrogramme).

Considering that the resources of fossil fuels are running out, it is necessary to look for ways to use renewable energy sources to supply the energy needed for residential buildings and other industrial uses. In the meantime, the issue of increasing environmental pollution also emphasizes the necessity of using renewable energy. In recent years, the level of concerns in the country regarding the high consumption of non-renewable energies, the ending resources of this type of energies and the high level of pollution caused by fossil fuels have increased. Cities are one of the important centers of energy consumption, and with the increase in the urban population, the amount of energy consumption in them increases day by day. Expanding the use of new energies in cities is important both in terms of reducing environmental pollution and in terms of reducing fossil fuel consumption. In recent years, we have heard a lot about the construction of wind power plants, but how to benefit from this resource on a small scale and in urban spaces seems unclear.

The production power of the solar panel is one of the parameters for calculating the efficiency of the solar system. However, these approximate calculations are very useful and can be effective in estimating the approximate costs of a solar power system. This calculation is very simple and it is enough to divide the figure obtained from the number of watt hours per day by the figure corresponding to the worst case of monthly solar radiation intensity. Installing solar panels on the roof of your home is very effective in reducing the cost of electricity consumption and not only increases the value of your home, but also significantly reduces the carbon dioxide in the air. Solar energy is clean and renewable; plus, it's very affordable in Iran with lots of sunshine. In the modern world, the population is increasing, and as a result, the consumption of energy, especially non-renewable energy, has increased. On the other hand, fossil fuel resources such as oil and gas are decreasing. Therefore, the use of renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, etc. is a necessity.