Igor Meglinski

This book examines Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and its derivatives Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy (DWS), Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI), and Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for characterizing particle motion in turbid mediums like suspensions and solutions. It focuses on non-invasive blood flow imaging in biological tissues, detailing technological advancements, practical applications, and inherent challenges. Essential for professionals in biomedical optics and medical fields, as well as physics and engineering students, the book highlights its use in brain, skin, and micro-circulation studies, providing key insights and practical guidance. Key Features:• Presents a deep dive into DLS and its derivative techniques.• Emphasizes practical applications, including brain blood flow monitoring, skin perfusion measurements, and micro-circulation characterization.• Delivers insights into the challenges and limitations associated with DLS-based blood flow imaging.

This book presents numerical computer-aided smart-methods as part of a comprehensive statistical, correlation and fractal analysis of laser polarimetry data. It highlights relationships between polarization (azimuth distributions, polarization ellipticities, Stokes vector parameters, Mueller matrix elements) parameters of laser images of biological tissues of a human corpse in different spectral ranges and temporal dynamics of their postmortem morphological changes. The book discusses the effectiveness of correlation analysis of two-dimensional distributions of polarization inhomogeneous images of histological sections of the main types of biological tissues in determining the time of death. It also discusses the development of basic principles of phase measurements (phasometry) of microscopic images of biological tissues to determine the age of death and the time of hematoma formation. Also presented in the book are possibilities of complex laser spectral photopolarimetry images ofhistological sections of biological tissues of human corpse in different spectral regions, with the simultaneous development and substantiation of a set of statistical and correlational criteria for objective determination of the time of death.

This book highlights the results of numerical computer-aided smart methods as part of a comprehensive statistical, correlated, and fractal analysis of laser polarimetry. It includes a comprehensive approach to differentiation of lifelong or postmortem origin of injuries and determination of their antiquity based on the analysis of statistical and spatiotemporal frequency evolution of photometric, polarization, and phase parameters of laser images of histological sections of the skin of biomannequins. It discusses the relationship between the coordinate distributions of the intensity of laser images from skin tissues of biomannequins and the nature of its damage. It presents the analysis of relationships between changes in the mean and variance of coordinate distributions of azimuths and ellipticity of polarization images of histological skin sections and the time intervals after injury. Complex differentiation of lifelong and postmortem skin injuries of biomannequins and establishment of their time intervals throughout the entire monitoring interval of changes in the mean and variance of coordinate distributions of phase shifts between orthogonal components of the amplitude of laser images of a series of corresponding histological sections are also presented in this book.

This book provides an essential overview of the basic principles of imaging modalities, accompanied by examples of their applications in modern clinical and associated pre-clinical studies. The monograph is based on the original results of investigation of the efficiency use of laser light and Mueller-matrix polarimetry approach for assessment of myocardial tissues towards confirmation the cause of death. A morphological analysis of necrotic changes in the myocardial tissue of patients that died due to heart attack, coronary heart disease and acute coronary insufficiency was carried out and the data and histological sections of the myocardium inspected utilizing Mueller-matrix mapping of tissue samples with polarized light. A unified optical model of polycrystalline structure of the myocardium is proposed, and the principles and regulations of Mueller-matrix description of its polarization manifestations are explored and developed. The book also provides a statistical and scale-selective wavelet analysis of polarization and Mueller-matrix maps. Finally, the key forensic medical criteria for the differential diagnosis of the cause of death due to necrotic and pathological changes in the morphological structure of the myocardium have been established

This book explores the early-stage detection of cancer using polarized light. It discusses the diverse properties of the light (temporal and spatial coherence, polarization, fluorescence, etc.) that can be used non-invasively as an optical technique for recognizing precancerous lesions, which could become a reliable and accurate method for cancer screening. The search for the effective means for cancer screening is of particular interest to scientific and medical communities, because cancer takes its toll around the globe with no respect for age or gender. Early detection of the disease is a key factor in increasing the survival rate and patients’ quality of life.

This book presents a new diagnostic approach that utilizes complex statistical, correlation, fractal, and singular analysis of spatial distribution of the Stokes vector of scattered polarized light in different diffraction zones. The technique is able to identify changes in the distribution of optical axes and the birefringent indices of multi-layered fibrillar networks of biological tissues. The book also presents various scenarios for the formation of polarization singularities in laser speckle images of phase-inhomogeneous, multi-layered biological tissues in terms of the characteristic values of Mueller-matrix images. Moreover, in the context of potential diagnostic applications, it discusses the states of polarization singularities and their changes associated with the pathological abnormalities of the extracellular matrix of human tissues, its spatial peculiarities and structural orientation.