Imen Chaari

O tratamento da ins nia no idoso deve ter em conta as altera es fisiol gicas associadas idade, a maior frequ ncia de co-morbilidades e a utiliza o de m ltiplos medicamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o tratamento da ins nia em idosos por m dicos de cl nica geral e compar -lo com as recomenda es internacionais. Foi efectuado um estudo transversal e descritivo com 32 m dicos de cl nica geral da regi o de Sfax (Tun sia), utilizando um question rio em linha. Os hipn ticos mais utilizados foram: benzodiazepinas (BZD) 59,37% e anti-histam nicos 59,37%. Em 18,75% dos casos, a dura o do tratamento n o estava em conformidade com as recomenda es internacionais. Os BZD de meia-vida longa foram utilizados em 37,48% dos casos, com uma dosagem id ntica dos adultos em 34,4% dos casos. A prescri o de hipn ticos para os doentes com SDA uma etapa l gica dos cuidados, ap s um diagn stico preciso, tendo em conta as co-morbilidades e as precau es de utiliza o. necess ria mais forma o sobre este assunto para os m dicos prescritores.

Bei der Behandlung von Schlaflosigkeit bei lteren Menschen (AS) m ssen die altersbedingten physiologischen Ver nderungen, das h ufigere Auftreten von Komorbidit ten und die Polymedikation ber cksichtigt werden. Die Praktiken der Allgemeinmediziner bei der Behandlung von Schlaflosigkeit bei AS sollten bewertet und mit den internationalen Empfehlungen verglichen werden. Es handelte sich um eine deskriptive Querschnittsstudie, die bei 32 Allgemeinmedizinern in der Region Sfax (Tunesien) mithilfe eines Online-Fragebogens durchgef hrt wurde. Die am h ufigsten verwendeten Hypnotika waren: Benzodiazepine (BZD) 59,37% und Antihistaminika 59,37%. Bei 18,75% der Patienten wurde festgestellt, dass die Behandlungsdauer nicht den internationalen Empfehlungen entsprach. BZD mit langer Halbwertszeit wurden in 37,48% verwendet, wobei die Dosierung in 34,4% der F lle mit der von Erwachsenen identisch war. Die Verschreibung von Hypnotika bei AS entspricht einem logischen Pflegeansatz nach einer genauen Diagnose, unter Ber cksichtigung der Komorbidit ten und der Vorsichtsma nahmen f r die Anwendung. Die verschreibenden rzte m ssen vermehrt zu diesem Thema geschult werden.

The management of insomnia in the elderly must take account of the physiological changes associated with age, the greater frequency of co-morbidities and the use of multiple medications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management of insomnia in elderly patients by general practitioners and compare it with international recommendations. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of 32 general practitioners in the Sfax region (Tunisia), using an online questionnaire. The most commonly used hypnotics were: benzodiazepines (BZD) 59.37% and antihistamines 59.37%. In 18.75% of cases, the duration of treatment was not in line with international recommendations. Long half-life BZDs were used in 37.48% of cases, with a dosage identical to that for adults in 34.4% of cases. The prescription of hypnotics for ADS patients is a logical step in care, following a precise diagnosis, taking into account co-morbidities and precautions for use. More training on this subject is needed for prescribing doctors.

La gestione dell'insonnia negli anziani deve tenere conto dei cambiamenti fisiologici associati all'et , della maggiore frequenza di co-morbilit e dell'uso di pi farmaci. Lo scopo di questo studio stato quello di valutare le modalit di gestione dell'insonnia negli anziani da parte dei medici di medicina generale e di confrontarle con le raccomandazioni internazionali. Si trattato di uno studio trasversale e descrittivo su 32 medici di base della regione di Sfax (Tunisia), utilizzando un questionario online. Gli ipnotici pi comunemente utilizzati sono stati: benzodiazepine (BZD) 59,37% e antistaminici 59,37%. Nel 18,75% dei casi, la durata del trattamento non era in linea con le raccomandazioni internazionali. Le BZD a lunga emivita sono state utilizzate nel 37,48% dei casi, con un dosaggio identico a quello degli adulti nel 34,4% dei casi. La prescrizione di ipnotici per i pazienti affetti da ADS un passo logico nella cura, dopo una diagnosi precisa, tenendo conto delle co-morbilit e delle precauzioni d'uso. necessaria una maggiore formazione dei medici prescrittori su questo tema.

La prise en charge de l'insomnie du sujet g (SA) doit tenir compte des modifications physiologiques li es l' ge, d'une plus grande fr quence des comorbidit s et de la polym dication. valuer les pratiques de prise en charge de l'insomnie chez le SA par les m decins g n ralistes et les comparer aux recommandations internationales. Il s'agissait d'une une tude transversale et descriptive, r alis e aupr s de 32 m decins g n ralistes de la r gion de Sfax (Tunisie), moyennant un questionnaire en ligne. Les hypnotiques les plus utilis es taient: les benzodiaz pines (BZD) 59,37% et les antihistaminiques 59,37%. Nous avons not un d calage par rapport aux recommandations internationales dans la dur e du traitement dans 18,75%. Les BZD demi-vie longue ont t utilis es dans 37,48%, avec une posologie identique celle de l'adulte dans 34,4% des cas. La prescription des hypnotiques chez le SA r pond une d marche de soins logique, apr s un diagnostic pr cis, en tenant compte des comorbidit s et des pr cautions d'emploi. Une multiplication des formations sur ce sujet s'av re n cessaire aupr s des m decins prescripteurs.

Une meilleure connaissance de la criminalit commise par les malades mentaux permettrait de prodiguer de meilleurs traitements cette population. Le but du travail tait de dresser le profil clinique et m dicol gal des malades examin s dans le cadre d'expertises psychiatriques p nales et jug s en tat de d mence au sens l gal au moment de la commission d'infraction et de rechercher des corr lations entre facteurs d'ordre sociod mographique, clinique et la nature de l'infraction commise par ces malades et proposer des mesures pr ventives. Les inculp s taient des adultes jeunes (79,9%), de sexe masculin (93,3%) et de bas niveau socio- conomique (57,1%). Les diagnostics les plus fr quents taient la schizophr nie (44,1%) et le trouble bipolaire (18,4%). La principale infraction commise tait l'homicide (27%). Le motif de l'infraction tait d lirant (52,8%). Les infractions contre les personnes taient corr l es avec le milieu urbain, le motif d lirant et l'existence d'un lien avec la victime (p

This book presents extensive research on two main problems in robotics: the path planning problem and the multi-robot task allocation problem. It is the first book to provide a comprehensive solution for using these techniques in large-scale environments containing randomly scattered obstacles. The research conducted resulted in tangible results both in theory and in practice. For path planning, new algorithms for large-scale problems are devised and implemented and integrated into the Robot Operating System (ROS). The book also discusses the parallelism advantage of cloud computing techniques to solve the path planning problem, and, for multi-robot task allocation, it addresses the task assignment problem and the multiple traveling salesman problem for mobile robots applications. In addition, four new algorithms have been devised to investigate the cooperation issues with extensive simulations and comparative performance evaluation. The algorithms are implemented and simulated in MATLAB and Webots.

This book presents extensive research on two main problems in robotics: the path planning problem and the multi-robot task allocation problem. It is the first book to provide a comprehensive solution for using these techniques in large-scale environments containing randomly scattered obstacles. The research conducted resulted in tangible results both in theory and in practice. For path planning, new algorithms for large-scale problems are devised and implemented and integrated into the Robot Operating System (ROS). The book also discusses the parallelism advantage of cloud computing techniques to solve the path planning problem, and, for multi-robot task allocation, it addresses the task assignment problem and the multiple traveling salesman problem for mobile robots applications. In addition, four new algorithms have been devised to investigate the cooperation issues with extensive simulations and comparative performance evaluation. The algorithms are implemented and simulated in MATLAB and Webots.