James M Cooper

The vehicle for hire (VFH) market – broadly comprising taxis, limousines, and app-based transport – has faced multiple and significant changes over the years, with the period since 2010 a time of major upheaval. This book documents the development of the market over time, examining its regulation and control structures, exploring its history, trends, and market theories, and discussing how these are both promoted and challenged by the changes affecting the sector. This book reviews recent developments in the VFH industry, from the influx of new market entrants and the emergence of app-based services to their widespread use, comparing international markets and their regulation, and draws on a series of case studies in key locations in North America, Europe, and Asia. It establishes and details economic, market, social, and political theory affecting the VFH industry and devotes its second half to the definition and emergence of transport typologies and markets in which the sector has a role (or potential role). The book concludes, from a neutral standpoint, on the balance between market participants, addressing the immediate future facing the industry, including the impacts of Covid and other external factors. It considers the short- and long-term effects of market change, the role played by regulators, and the market conditions imposed upon them. Written for industry practitioners – both suppliers and regulators – as well as the academic community, this book will inform the community and prompt further analysis of a significant and growing field in transportation.

The vehicle for hire (VFH) market – broadly comprising taxis, limousines, and app-based transport – has faced multiple and significant changes over the years, with the period since 2010 a time of major upheaval. This book documents the development of the market over time, examining its regulation and control structures, exploring its history, trends, and market theories, and discussing how these are both promoted and challenged by the changes affecting the sector. This book reviews recent developments in the VFH industry, from the influx of new market entrants and the emergence of app-based services to their widespread use, comparing international markets and their regulation, and draws on a series of case studies in key locations in North America, Europe, and Asia. It establishes and details economic, market, social, and political theory affecting the VFH industry and devotes its second half to the definition and emergence of transport typologies and markets in which the sector has a role (or potential role). The book concludes, from a neutral standpoint, on the balance between market participants, addressing the immediate future facing the industry, including the impacts of Covid and other external factors. It considers the short- and long-term effects of market change, the role played by regulators, and the market conditions imposed upon them. Written for industry practitioners – both suppliers and regulators – as well as the academic community, this book will inform the community and prompt further analysis of a significant and growing field in transportation.

Book & CD. There are few topics so large yet so uncovered in the academic literature as the Amazon Basin. Much of the area that connects nine South American states, hundreds of indigenous peoples, dozens of multinational corporations, and the worlds lungs, remains unexplored and demographic density is still low. But development throughout the basin has occurred with a ravaging appetite: loggers have decimated parts of the region with their fishbone patterns of extraction; large-scale agribusiness has moved into a power vacuum; coffee and sugar in earlier times -- soya, ranching, and mining industries in more recent times -- have resulted in significant deforestation, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere; and the booms and busts of traditional commodities like rubber latex, nuts and turtle eggs impact negatively on the social and economic structure of the basin. In the background to these developments there is a resurgence of economic nationalism as countries prepare their futures around a pending crisis over food security and global climate change. Hydrocarbons potentials -- the possibility of oil and gas fields underground in Amazonia -- complicate the situation as indigenous communities, sharecroppers, landless peasants, and others advocate for their respective rights, using ancient methods of protest as well as digital activism through the Internet. This important book sets out how the Amazon Basins indigenous self-determination meets corporate profiteering, where the future of natural resource stewardship is hotly debated, where subsistence living, extreme poverty, and the vagaries of the international commodities markets are revealed. The environment and the law is seen to be at the heart of the intersection of sustainable development and unfair trading practices.

Book & CD. There are few topics so large yet so uncovered in the academic literature as the Amazon Basin. Much of the area that connects nine South American states, hundreds of indigenous peoples, dozens of multinational corporations, and the worlds lungs, remains unexplored and demographic density is still low. But development throughout the basin has occurred with a ravaging appetite: loggers have decimated parts of the region with their fishbone patterns of extraction; large-scale agribusiness has moved into a power vacuum; coffee and sugar in earlier times -- soya, ranching, and mining industries in more recent times -- have resulted in significant deforestation, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere; and the booms and busts of traditional commodities like rubber latex, nuts and turtle eggs impact negatively on the social and economic structure of the basin. In the background to these developments there is a resurgence of economic nationalism as countries prepare their futures around a pending crisis over food security and global climate change. Hydrocarbons potentials -- the possibility of oil and gas fields underground in Amazonia -- complicate the situation as indigenous communities, sharecroppers, landless peasants, and others advocate for their respective rights, using ancient methods of protest as well as digital activism through the Internet. This important book sets out how the Amazon Basins indigenous self-determination meets corporate profiteering, where the future of natural resource stewardship is hotly debated, where subsistence living, extreme poverty, and the vagaries of the international commodities markets are revealed. The environment and the law is seen to be at the heart of the intersection of sustainable development and unfair trading practices.