Jefferson P. Marquis

The accelerated proliferation of legislative authorities for the Department of Defense (DoD) after September 11, 2001, has created an increasingly unwieldy catalog of security cooperation statutes, which have generated challenges in DoD planning and execution for engagement with foreign partners. This report develops a framework and options to streamline this patchwork of authorities that the DoD employs in security cooperation.

The authors describe Puerto Rico's communities in terms of population characteristics, community and individual preparedness, and economic pressures leading up to Hurricanes Irma and Maria. They detail the storms' impact in terms of damage, community stress, and migration. The researchers developed courses of action to improve capacity for emergency preparedness, coordination, communication, recovery planning, and research and training.

Security cooperation is an important mission of the U. S. Air Force. This report reviews two core Air Force decisionmaking processes--the strategy, planning, and programming process and the concept development and acquisition process--to determine the extent to which decisionmakers consider security cooperation impact and to recommend ways to make such considerations systematic and explicit.

Security cooperation's importance, scale, and complexity have grown substantially in recent years, but efforts to develop and manage the Department of Defense security cooperation workforce have lagged. This study informs the development of career models for the security cooperation workforce, assesses potential requirements for competencies and experience, and identifies potential job families within the workforce to facilitate management.

The U. S. Air Force works to build strong and enduring partnerships with allies and friendly nations, to reinforce their capacity to defend themselves and to work in coalitions, and to ensure U. S. access to foreign territories. This volume evaluates existing Air Force capacity to conduct assessments of its security cooperation programs and describes a framework for improving assessment efforts.

Security assistance and security cooperation are interrelated missions that rely on military staffs in U. S. embassies in partner countries. In countries threatened by insecurity or instability, actions may be required that are not easily accomplished under current systems. This report examines three options for improving current approaches to security assistance and cooperation. They range from changes in current practices to options requiring new policies, procedures, organizations, or authorities.

This title examines how the urban physical, social, and political environment constrains aerospace operations; identifies key operational tasks that aerospace forces can help accomplish; and discusses strategies and technologies that can improve success in urban operations.

In this report, the authors assess how the complex array of roles, responsibilities, and authorities (RRA) that shape the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) process are first defined in policy and related guidance and then implemented in practice by a diverse variety of stakeholder organizations at strategic, operational, and tactical levels of execution.

This report identifies emerging policy lessons regarding the use of, and reforms to, the U. S. Army's Reserve Components (RCs) as an operational reserve derived from analyses of their contributions to Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, New Dawn, and other recent contingency operations. These lessons can be applied to sustain the readiness of the U. S. Army Reserve and Army National Guard in future contingencies.

A RAND study examined programs to address sexual harassment, sexual assault, unlawful discrimination, substance abuse, suicide, and hazing. This report discusses findings, then makes recommendations for the Office of the Secretary of Defense to better understand the relationships among these problematic behaviors and its oversight and coordination of programs to address those behaviors.

This report addresses the challenge of creating a U. S. Department of Defense wide (DoD-wide) system for security cooperation assessment, monitoring, and evaluation (AME) by (1) analyzing existing planning and AME principles, processes, and practices inside and outside DoD and (2) presenting a conceptual framework that explains how AME methods might be applied, integrated, and implemented by major security cooperation organizations."

This study identifies the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other personal characteristics needed in individuals who will be responsible for implementing strategic diversity plans in the Department of Defense (DoD). The authors interviewed more than 60 diversity leaders in industry, the public sector (including DoD), and academia and reviewed relevant scientific literature, education programs, and advertised job requirements.

To help ensure that limited security cooperation resources are properly directed for greatest effect, this report evaluates the U. S. Department of Defense s effectiveness in developing SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and results-oriented, and time-bound) security cooperation objectives that facilitate assessment, monitoring, and evaluation."

In January 2012, the Department of Defense (DoD) announced plans for a large-scale reduction or drawdown of its military force, which could have unintended consequences for demographic diversity. The Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity (ODMEO) in the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) asked RAND to analyze how force reductions could affect the demographic diversity of the DoD workforce."

The U. S. government is facing the dual challenge of building its own interagency capacity for conducting stability operations while simultaneously building partner capacity (BPC) for stability operations. This study finds that although BPC and stability operations are receiving a good deal of attention in official strategy and planning documents, insufficient attention is being paid to the details of an integrated strategy.

Working with allies to build their defense capacity, acquire access to their territories for potential operations, and strengthen relationships with their air forces is an important U. S. Air Force activity. To determine the value of this activity, the authors outline an assessment framework that planners, strategists, and policymakers can use to see whether Air Force security cooperation activities are achieving the desired effects.

It is often challenging to determine whether security cooperation activities conducted by the Defense Department have contributed to U. S. objectives. This monograph, based on themes that emerged from a May 2008 assessment workshop held at RAND, lays out a framework for security program assessment and stresses the need for injecting a greater level of objectivity into the assessment process.

This book develops a fact-based approach to modeling diversity management in U. S. corporations, analyzes the strategies pursued by 14 large U. S. companies recognized for their diversity or human resource achievements, and compares a number of company characteristics. Firms recognized for diversity are distinguished by a core set of motives and practices, but best practices per se may not enable a company to achieve a high level of diversity. It develops a fact-based approach to diversity management in U. S. corporations and uses it to compare corporate practices.

What is the potential for a divergence in views among civilian and military elites (sometimes referred to as the civil-military gap) to undermine military effectiveness? Although a variety of differences were found among the views of military and civilian survey respondents, these differences mostly disappeared when the authors focused on the attitudes that are pertinent to civilian control of the military and military effectiveness.

This report presents a framework for assessing U. S. Army International Activities (AIA). It also provides a matrix of eight AIA ends, derived from top-level national and Army guidance, and eight AIA ways, which summarize the various capabilities inherent in AIA programs. In addition, the report describes the new online AIA Knowledge Sharing System (AIAKSS) that is being used to solicit programmatic and assessment data from AIA officials in the Army's Major Commands.