Kiat Seng Yeo

Solid acid catalysts have been used mainly in petroleum refining and petrochemical processes. From the viewpoint of chemicals and energy resources, the utilization of resources other than fossil ones is important for overcoming environmental issues and constructing a sustainable society. One of the candidates for resources for chemicals is biomass. Solid acid catalysts should play important roles in some steps of biomass conversions. During the past decade, the research on solid acid catalysis has progressed in some fields. This new edition presents some important developments in these fields in a new chapter. The topics include (1) catalytic biodiesel production, (2) water-tolerant Lewis acid catalysts, (3) detailed IR study of adsorption and reaction of 1-butene, (4) on-purpose propene formation from light alkenes, (5) novel solid acid catalysts: crystalline zirconium sulfate (Zr3SO9) and boron nitride (BN), and (6) acidity characterization of solid acid catalysts by solid-state 31P NMR.

The World University Research Rankings 2020 is a novel methodology designed to evaluate research multi-disciplinarity, complemented by indicators to gauge research impact and research collaborative-ness. Together, these three key aspects make up the composite index for the world university research rankings methodology. The aim of this evidence-based new index is to inform universities objectively on their world research standing; provide insights into their relative strengths and weaknesses; raise awareness and promote collaborative and multi-disciplinary research. The indicators that were chosen reflect this aspirational goal to help universities better understand how they can seize opportunities in this increasingly complex and inter-connected world, and relook at how universities' research excellence can be assessed holistically with respect to how they are able to harness the synergies created from bringing together multi-disciplinary and collaborative teams to sustain and elevate research impact. This new index is designed through a novel and fresh methodology from the existing ones (i.e. QS, THE, ARWU) to evaluate the three key components — research multi-disciplinarity, research impact, and research collaborative-ness. Together, these form a new and differentiated composite index under this research assessment framework for universities. Data is derived objectively based on OECD's schema in Web of Science's InCites through a 10-year period from 2009 to 2018.

This book addresses in-depth technical issues, limitations, considerations and challenges facing millimeter-wave (MMW) integrated circuit and system designers in designing MMW wireless communication systems from the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) perspective. It offers both a comprehensive explanation of fundamental theories and a broad coverage of MMW integrated circuits and systems. CMOS Millimeter-Wave Integrated Circuits for Next Generation Wireless Communication Systems is an excellent reference for faculty, researchers and students working in electrical and electronic engineering, wireless communication, integrated circuit design and circuits and systems. While primarily written for upper-level undergraduate courses, it is also an excellent introduction to the subject for instructors, graduate students, researchers, integrated circuit designers and practicing engineers. Advanced readers could also benefit from this book as it includes many recent state-of-the-art MMW circuits. Related Link(s)

The increasing demand for extremely high-data-rate communications has urged researchers to develop new communication systems. Currently, wireless transmission with more than one Giga-bits-per-second (Gbps) data rates is becoming essential due to increased connectivity between different portable and smart devices. To realize Gbps data rates, millimeter-wave (MMW) bands around 60 GHz is attractive due to the availability of large bandwidth of 9 GHz. Recent research work in the Gbps data rates around 60 GHz band has focused on short-range indoor applications, such as uncompressed video transfer, high-speed file transfer between electronic devices, and communication to and from kiosk. Many of these applications are limited to 10 m or less, because of the huge free space path loss and oxygen absorption for 60 GHz band MMW signal. This book introduces new knowledge and novel circuit techniques to design low-power MMW circuits and systems. It also focuses on unlocking the potential applications of the 60 GHz band for high-speed outdoor applications. The innovative design application significantly improves and enables high-data-rate low-cost communication links between two access points seamlessly. The 60 GHz transceiver system-on-chip provides an alternative solution to upgrade existing networks without introducing any building renovation or external network laying works.

This book provides the most comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the latest circuit design developments in RF CMOS technology. It is a practical and cutting-edge guide, packed with proven circuit techniques and innovative design methodologies for solving challenging problems associated with RF integrated circuits and systems. This invaluable resource features a collection of the finest design practices that may soon drive the system-on-chip revolution. Using this book's state-of-the-art design techniques, one can apply existing technologies in novel ways and to create new circuit designs for the future.

Intellectual Property (IP) covers all rights that are generated by one's creative intellectual efforts. Being intangible, intellectual property has no material existence but is, nevertheless, a valuable asset with substantial commercial value. With the knowledge gleaned from Intellectual Property for Integrated Circuits, integrated circuit (IC) designers will possess a substantial understanding of the numerous forms of intellectual property and their underlying laws and governing principles to efficiently protect and exploit their own inventions and benefit financially from those rights. Intellectual Property for Integrated Circuits provides integrated circuit inventors with up-to-date knowledge in intellectual property rights in order to be more self-reliant and not solely dependent on patent attorneys. The idea of "Leave the Law to the Lawyers" is clearly outdated because patent attorneys will not be as knowledgeable in technological respects as inventors and consequently may lead to insufficient protection to which inventors expect and are entitled. However, this book is not a replacement for patent attorneys. Patent attorneys are paid by the hour, therefore if inventors are equipped with a working knowledge of IP law and can effectively search for and interpret prior art; they can significantly reduce the number of hours spent with attorneys. At the same time it will ensure that both inventors and patent attorneys understand one another.