Kolumban Hutter

Avalanches, debris, mudflows and landslides are common and natural phenomena that occur worldwide, predominantly in mountainous regions. With an emphasis on snow avalanches, this book sets out to provide a survey and discussion about the motion of avalanche-like flows from initiation to run out. An important aspect of this book is the formulation and investigation of a simple but appropriate continuum mechanical model for the realistic prediction of geophysical flows of granular material. This will help the practitioners in the field to better understand the physical input and provide them with a tool for their work. Originating from many lectures the authors have given over the years, this instructive volume brings the reader to the forefront of research - an aim also supported by an extensive bibliogrpahy of almost 500 entries. Avalanche Dynamics should be accessible to, and is intended for, a broad readership of researchers, graduate students and practitioners with backgrounds in geophysics, geology, civil and mechanical engineering, applied mathematics and continuum physics.

This book, in two parts, delivers a thorough derivation of nonrelativistic interaction models of electromagnetic field theories with thermoelastic solids and viscous fluids, the intention being to derive unique representations for the observable field quantities. Part I, a revised and updated version of LNP 88 "Field Matter Interactions in Thermoelastic Solids," investigates the foundations and the equivalence of various formulations of the interaction of the electromagnetic field with thermoelastic solids in the classical continuum physics limit, while Part II extensively surveys two major fields of applications, namely, magnetoelastic instabilities and vibrations, and electrorheological fluids. This volume is intended for and will be useful to students and researchers working on all aspects of electromagneto-mechanical interactions in the materials sciences of complex solids and fluids.

This book was first published in 2005. When an oceanic tidal wave that is primarily active on the water surface passes an ocean shelf or a region with a seamount, it is split into a less energetic surface wave and other internal modes with different wavelengths and propagation speeds. This cascading process, from the barotropic tides to the baroclinic components, leads to the transformation of tidal energy into turbulence and heat, an important process for the dynamics of the lower ocean. Baroclinic Tides demonstrates the analytical and numerical methods used to study the generation and evolution of baroclinic tides and, by comparison with experiments and observational data, shows how to distinguish and interpret internal waves. Strongly non-linear solitary internal waves, which are generated by internal tidal waves at the final stage of their evolution, are investigated in detail. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students of physical oceanography, geophysical fluid dynamics and hydroacoustics.

This book is a considerable outgrowth of lecture notes on Mechanics of en­ vironmentally related systems I, which I hold since more than ten years in the Department of Mechanics at the Darmstadt University of Technology for upper level students majoring in mechanics, mathematics, physics and the classical engineering sciences. These lectures form a canon of courses over three semesters in which I present the foundations of continuum physics (first semester), those of physical oceanography and limnology (second semester) and those of soil, snow and ice physics in the geophysical context (third semester). The intention is to build an understanding of the mathemati­ cal foundations of the mentioned geophysical research fields combined with a corresponding understanding of the regional, but equally also the global, processes that govern the climate dynamics of our globe. The present book contains the material (and extensions of it) of the first semester; it gives an introduction into continuum thermomechanics, the methods of dimensional analysis and turbulence modeling. All these themes belong today to the every­ day working methods of not only environmental physicists but equally also those engineers, who are confronted with continuous systems of solid and fluid mechanics, soil mechanics and generally the mechanics and thermody­ namics of heterogeneous systems. The book addresses a broad spectrum of researchers, both at Universities and Research Laboratories who wish to fa­ miliarize themselves with the methods of "rational" continuum physics, and students from engineering and classical continuum physics.

Auf der Grundlage eines beiden Gebieten gemeinsamen Konzepts wird fur Studenten der Physik und der Ingenieurwissenschaften eine Einfuhrung in die Fluid- und Thermodynamik gegeben. In der Fluiddynamik werden Hydrostatik, Hydrodynamik der idealen und viskosen Fluide sowie laminare und turbulente Rohrstroemungen behandelt, in der Thermodynamik der erste und zweite Hauptsatz. Die Gasdynamik umfasst Akustik, stationare isentrope Stromfadentheorie und Stosstheorie, und so werden Fluid- und Thermodynamik miteinander verwoben. Angeschlossen ist - als Besonderheit - ein Kapitel uber Dimensionsanalyse und Modelltheorie, das die Erarbeitung technischer Fragestellungen und den Blick fur umweltrelevante Probleme eroeffnet.