Lin Zhang

Wireless edge networks aim to provide last-mile wireless connections between access points and diversified wireless end devices. Recent years witness the rapid development of wireless communication ecosystems including fundamental theory breakthroughs, manufacture capability improvements, as well as the explosively increasing wireless end devices and service demands. It is known that spectrum is the irreplaceable resource for wireless transmissions in edge networks. Nevertheless, it is quite challenging and inefficient to allocate dedicated spectrum for each single transmission link due to the severe shortage of spectrum resource. Alternatively, by enabling different links to use the same spectrum, spectrum sharing is envisioned to be a promising paradigm to properly accommodate the conflict between the scarce spectrum resource and substantial spectrum demands. Conventionally, model-driven optimization methods are widely adopted to optimize the spectrum sharing policy in the edge network and achieve friendly coexistence among different transmission links. However, future wireless edge network is predicted to be large-scale and heterogeneous, model-driven optimization methods will be problematic such as imperfect modelling and unacceptable overheads. Different from the existing related books on spectrum sharing or spectrum management for wireless edge networks, our book leverages the artificial intelligence (AI) to achieve smart spectrum sharing for wireless edge networks and elaborates AI-enabled spectrum sharing technique in typical scenarios, which can guide the development of next-generation spectrum sharing standards, as well as provide innovative spectrum sharing methods for related practitioners, including research fellow, lecturers, and students.

Medical expenditure has become a heavy burden on the public sector and the family system in many countries. Expanding the coverage and reimbursement of medical insurance has become a common way to reduce the burden. This book will elaborate on how medical insurance may increase the burden instead. It explains why the existing medical insurance system results in increased medical costs, where higher costs may offset the benefits of certainty brought by medical insurance, forming the "paradox of medical care insurance". This assumption is verified by empirical evidence in China, through a new method developed to find out the actual medical costs, using two parameters: ratio of self-payment of medical insurance and the level of monopoly in the supply of medical services. The book also describes the history, the current situation, and the reform of the health care system in China.

This brief examines recent developments in the Heterogeneous Vehicular NETworks (HETVNETs), integrating cellular networks with Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) for meeting the communications requirements of the Intelligent Transport System (ITS)services. Along with a review of recent literature, a unified framework of the HetVNET is presented. The brief focuses on introducing efficient MAC mechanisms for vehicular communications, including channel access protocols, broadcast/multicast protocols, the location-based channel congestion control scheme and the content-based resource allocation scheme. The cooperative communication between vehicles is discussed. This brief concludes with a discussion on future research directions, and provides the readers with useful insights into the future designs in the HetVNETs, to motivate new ideas for performance improvements in vehicular networks.

This book is an essential guide to understanding and tackling the complex challenges of sustainable development. It provides a thorough analysis of economic principles and their application to pressing sustainability issues. Covering everything from foundational theories and energy dynamics to environmental impacts and social justice, it provides actionable insights into how businesses, policymakers, and communities can drive sustainable progress. With a focus on real-world applications, it explores the latest in energy efficiency, climate policy, and green finance, making it a critical resource for students, professionals, and anyone passionate about creating a more sustainable future. Whether you're looking to deepen your understanding of sustainability economics or seeking practical strategies for implementing sustainable practices, this book offers a rich blend of theory, analysis, and practical guidance.

During the last ten years, China has made remarkable progress in the development of its venture capital market; however, Chinese domestic venture capital has been marginalized by American competitors. Using American venture capital as a mirror, this book empirically demonstrates that Chinese domestic venture capital lacks the four factors related to the success of their American counterparts: large and independent funding, application of incentive mechanisms, efficient exit channels, and a high-risk tolerance level. More importantly, the author shows how these defects are closely linked to the corporate governance of state-controlled listed companies. Featuring updated data and new developments since the publication of the first edition in 2012, with a focus on corporate social responsibility and the stakeholder-oriented model in Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), this new edition demonstrates the negative economic and social impact of corporate governance of Chinese state-controlled listed companies and identifies potential policy reforms to harmonize agency costs and adaptive efficiency. This book is great for researchers, scholars, students, and policymakers interested in corporate governance of Chinese venture capital markets.

Das Buch untersucht - am Beispiel des Sprechakts der Komplimenterwiderung - pragmatische Transfers fortgeschrittener chinesischer DaF-Lernender in der interkulturellen Interaktion. Mithilfe von gemischten Methoden werden Komplimentantworten von L1-Sprechenden des Chinesischen und des Deutschen sowie von chinesischen Deutschlernenden kontrastiv analysiert. Als Datenkorpus dienen 80 gefilmte und transkribierte Rollenspiele. Anhand einer interlingualen Analyse wird festgestellt, dass die Deutschlernenden beim Vollzug des Sprechakts trotz einer st rkeren Tendenz zur Anpassung an die Zielsprache sowohl L1- als auch L2-Verhaltensmuster aufweisen. Aufgedeckt werden auch pragmatische Irritationen, die durch den Transfer der im Chinesischen routinem ig gebrauchten Komplimentantworten motiviert werden.

Kinesisk mat r en favorit f r m nga runt om i v rlden, men att laga den sj lv kan verka verv ldigande. Lin Zhang, en expert p kinesisk matlagning, har samlat sina b sta och mest autentiska recept i Kinesisk matlagning f r hemmakockar. Denna kokbok r utformad f r att hj lpa hemmakockar att skapa autentiska kinesiska smaker i sina egna k k. Lin Zhang guidar l sarna genom de grundl ggande teknikerna och ingredienserna som anv nds i kinesisk matlagning och ger tips p hur man v ljer de b sta r varorna. Kinesisk matlagning f r hemmakockar inneh ller ver 100 recept f r r tter som dim sum, nudlar, risr tter, gr nsaker och mycket mer. Varje recept r tydligt f rklarat med en detaljerad lista ver ingredienser och steg-f r-steg-instruktioner som r l tta att f lja. Lin Zhang delar ocks med sig av sin kunskap om traditionell kinesisk matlagning, vilket ger l sarna en djupare f rst else f r de smaker och tekniker som anv nds i kinesisk matlagning. Kinesisk matlagning f r hemmakockar r den perfekta guiden f r alla som vill l ra sig laga autentisk kinesisk mat hemma. Med denna bok kan du imponera p dina v nner och familj med l ckra kinesiska r tter som du har tillagat sj lv.

From start-up founders in the Chinese equivalent of Silicon Valley to rural villages experiencing an e-commerce boom to middle-class women reselling luxury goods, the rise of internet-based entrepreneurship has affected every part of China. For many, reinventing oneself as an entrepreneur has appeared to be an appealing way to adapt to a changing economy and society. Yet in practice, digital entrepreneurship has also reinforced traditional Chinese ideas about state power, labor, gender, and identity. Lin Zhang explores how the everyday labor of entrepreneurial reinvention is remaking China amid changing geopolitical currents. She tells the stories of people from diverse class, gender, and age backgrounds across rural, urban, and transnational settings in rich detail, providing a multifaceted and ground-level view of the twenty-first-century Chinese economy. Zhang explores the surge in digital entrepreneurialism against the backdrop of global financial crises, the U. S.-China trade war, and the COVID-19 pandemic. She argues that the rise of internet-based industries and practices has simultaneously empowered and exploited digital entrepreneurs and laborers. Despite embracing high-tech innovation, state-led entrepreneurialization does not represent a radical break with the past. It has provided a means for implementing developmental goals while retaining the importance of the traditional family and generating new inequalities. Shedding new light on global capitalism and the digital economy by centering a non-Western perspective, The Labor of Reinvention vividly conveys how the contradictions of entrepreneurialism have played out in China.

From start-up founders in the Chinese equivalent of Silicon Valley to rural villages experiencing an e-commerce boom to middle-class women reselling luxury goods, the rise of internet-based entrepreneurship has affected every part of China. For many, reinventing oneself as an entrepreneur has appeared to be an appealing way to adapt to a changing economy and society. Yet in practice, digital entrepreneurship has also reinforced traditional Chinese ideas about state power, labor, gender, and identity. Lin Zhang explores how the everyday labor of entrepreneurial reinvention is remaking China amid changing geopolitical currents. She tells the stories of people from diverse class, gender, and age backgrounds across rural, urban, and transnational settings in rich detail, providing a multifaceted and ground-level view of the twenty-first-century Chinese economy. Zhang explores the surge in digital entrepreneurialism against the backdrop of global financial crises, the U. S.-China trade war, and the COVID-19 pandemic. She argues that the rise of internet-based industries and practices has simultaneously empowered and exploited digital entrepreneurs and laborers. Despite embracing high-tech innovation, state-led entrepreneurialization does not represent a radical break with the past. It has provided a means for implementing developmental goals while retaining the importance of the traditional family and generating new inequalities. Shedding new light on global capitalism and the digital economy by centering a non-Western perspective, The Labor of Reinvention vividly conveys how the contradictions of entrepreneurialism have played out in China.

Customized Production Through 3D Printing in Cloud Manufacturing explains how to combine the latest cloud manufacturing and additive manufacturing technology to find innovative solutions to important problems in research and industry. The manufacturing industry strives constantly to improve levels of product personalization for its customers, who have become increasingly demanding in this respect in recent decades. Among the tools currently growing in use in the industry, there is great potential to address this demand. Cloud manufacturing maps manufacturing resources and capabilities to the cloud, adding the capacity to gather decentralized manufacturing resources and use manufacturing services on-demand, and 3D printing provides strong support for truly individualized manufactured components. This is the first book to cover the whole lifecycle of 3D printing services in a cloud environment, including topics like: cloud servitization of 3D printers, 3D printing model design, supply-demand matching and scheduling, on-demand using and pricing, printing monitoring in cloud, and printing service evaluation. With a systematic introduction to this promising manufacturing paradigm, as well as coverage of models and service management to practical applications, this book will meet the needs of a broad range of researchers as well as practitioners.

The book introduces the concept of cloud manufacturing and describes the cloud service technology system behind it. The authors discuss key technologies of manufacturing cloud service management, including service construction, evaluation and composition, and scheduling. With abundant case studies, the book is an essential reference for researchers and engineers in manufacturing and information management.

Presenting the concept and design and implementation of configurable intelligent optimization algorithms in manufacturing systems, this book provides a new configuration method to optimize manufacturing processes. It provides a comprehensive elaboration of basic intelligent optimization algorithms, and demonstrates how their improvement, hybridization and parallelization can be applied to manufacturing. Furthermore, various applications of these intelligent optimization algorithms are exemplified in detail, chapter by chapter. The intelligent optimization algorithm is not just a single algorithm; instead it is a general advanced optimization mechanism which is highly scalable with robustness and randomness. Therefore, this book demonstrates the flexibility of these algorithms, as well as their robustness and reusability in order to solve mass complicated problems in manufacturing. Since the genetic algorithm was presented decades ago, a large number of intelligent optimization algorithms and their improvements have been developed. However, little work has been done to extend their applications and verify their competence in solving complicated problems in manufacturing. This book will provide an invaluable resource to students, researchers, consultants and industry professionals interested in engineering optimization. It will also be particularly useful to three groups of readers: algorithm beginners, optimization engineers and senior algorithm designers. It offers a detailed description of intelligent optimization algorithms to algorithm beginners; recommends new configurable design methods for optimization engineers, and provides future trends and challenges of the new configuration mechanism to senior algorithm designers.

The venture capital market in China has been developing for over twenty years. Over this period, the legal frameworks surrounding China’s venture capital have evolved significantly. China’s Venture Capital Market addresses this important topic and argues for further improvements in legal frameworks for venture capital in China. The book consists of five chapters, each covering an aspect of venture capital in China. The first chapter profiles the venture capital market. The second, third and fourth chapters consider the legal problems and suggest reform measures for fundraising in, operation of and exit from Chinese venture capital. The book concludes by asking how long it will take for reform measures to take place in China.

State-controlled listed companies have always dominated Chinese stock markets. As a result of the rampant scandals related to them, there have been voluminous academic efforts to explore their corporate governance, underpinned by agency costs. However, these studies have yet to examine the phenomenon from the perspective of venture capital and adaptive efficiency. During the last ten years, despite China’s remarkable progress in the development of its venture capital market, its domestic venture capital has been marginalized by American competitors. Given the different performance between them, the author contends that the corporate governance system of Chinese state-controlled listed companies has hampered the performance of the institutional factors which are responsible for the prosperity of American venture capital in Chinese venture capital markets. With the practice of American venture capital as the mirror, he empirically demonstrates that Chinese domestic venture capital lacks the four factors related to the success of their American counterparts: large and independent funding, application of incentive mechanisms, efficient exit channels, and a high risk tolerance level. More importantly, these defects as a whole are closely linked to the corporate governance of state-controlled listed companies. Considering the potential negative consequences on economic and social development, the author identifies policy reforms underway to harmonize agency costs and adaptive efficiency.

Presenting the concept and design and implementation of configurable intelligent optimization algorithms in manufacturing systems, this book provides a new configuration method to optimize manufacturing processes. It provides a comprehensive elaboration of basic intelligent optimization algorithms, and demonstrates how their improvement, hybridization and parallelization can be applied to manufacturing. Furthermore, various applications of these intelligent optimization algorithms are exemplified in detail, chapter by chapter. The intelligent optimization algorithm is not just a single algorithm; instead it is a general advanced optimization mechanism which is highly scalable with robustness and randomness. Therefore, this book demonstrates the flexibility of these algorithms, as well as their robustness and reusability in order to solve mass complicated problems in manufacturing. Since the genetic algorithm was presented decades ago, a large number of intelligent optimization algorithms and their improvements have been developed. However, little work has been done to extend their applications and verify their competence in solving complicated problems in manufacturing. This book will provide an invaluable resource to students, researchers, consultants and industry professionals interested in engineering optimization. It will also be particularly useful to three groups of readers: algorithm beginners, optimization engineers and senior algorithm designers. It offers a detailed description of intelligent optimization algorithms to algorithm beginners; recommends new configurable design methods for optimization engineers, and provides future trends and challenges of the new configuration mechanism to senior algorithm designers.

This book includes discussion on advance computer technologies such as cloud computing, grid computing, and service computing. In addition, it furthers the theory and technology of grid technologies that is used in manufacturing, and accelerates the development of service-oriented manufacturing.