Mats Thulin

The Dialectica Monacensis, a collection of logical treatises edited by L. M. de Rijk in 1967, has been pivotal in reconstructing the evolution of medieval logic. However, less attention has been given to the accompanying Tractatus Monacenses, preserved in the same singular manuscript. This volume presents the first complete edition of the Tractatus Monacenses and demonstrates that, while not homogeneous, the collection took its final form within the same intellectual environment as the Dialectica Monacensis. The volume argues convincingly that this environment was a German cathedral school around 1230, challenging de Rijk's earlier assertion of an English origin around 1160–1170. Additionally, the volume includes editions of three key texts integral to de Rijk's investigation into the sources of Peter of Spain’s renowned Tractatus: Quaestiunculae super Summam Ignoti, fragments of Summa Ignoti found within the Quaestiunculae, and Summulae Antiquorum. Together with an extensive introduction, these editions lay the foundation for a re-evaluation of the history of terministic logic, offering an alternative to the longstanding framework established by de Rijk.

Pehr Forsskål's Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica (1775) is a seminal work documenting approximately 660 new species of plants, but its posthumous and flawed editing has led to significant nomenclatural challenges. To address these issues, later botanists sought to honor Forsskål by renaming many of his identified species with eponyms derived from his surname. However, non-Scandinavian scholars frequently struggled with the correct spelling of Forsskål's surname, leading to a proliferation of orthographic variations in these eponyms. Many of these eponyms do not conform to the standardized rules set forth by the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (ICN). Recognizing the potential for taxonomic confusion, a systematic review has been undertaken to evaluate the original eponyms attributed to Forsskål and to clarify their current nomenclatural status. This review is critical for ensuring consistency, accuracy, and proper acknowledgment of Forsskål's contributions to botany.