MD Shahidul Islam

The book explores a study carried out at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, assessing the impact of various nitrogen sources and poultry manure on water properties, growth, and yield of rice during the Aman season of 2011. It was found that ammonium (NH4+) concentrations in water were higher with prilled urea (PU) application compared to urea super granules (USG). The highest NH4+ concentration was noted on the second day after PU application, and then it gradually decreased. Water pH increased with rising NH4+ levels, while electrical conductivity (EC) was initially highest and decreased over time. The combination of 56 kg N ha-1 as USG with 3.0 t ha-1 of poultry manure (PM) produced the highest grain and straw yields compared to other treatments. This combination also enhanced nitrogen uptake, improved yields, increased nitrogen use efficiency, and reduced nitrogen loss. Such practices minimize environmental impact and improve soil health. The study concludes that integrating USG with poultry manure effectively boosts rice yields, decreases reliance on chemical fertilizers, and supports sustainable agricultural practices.

The study was conducted in Entomology field in SAU to know the incidence of insect pests at different growth stages, intensity of infestation, relative abundance, effect of yield due to different insect during winter and summer season under natural condition. In both season, 4 insect pests found in country bean. The pod infestation by pod borer and aphids in experiment field. Only the field cricket attacked in seedling in summer season. In shoot borer and epilachna beetle infested in leaf and shoot of country bean. Aphid and pod borer were major pests of country bean field. Aphid infested in all stages of country bean but pod borer mainly infested during flowering and fruiting stages of country bean stages. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Design (RCBD) with three replications. The research field was divided into three blocks and each block represented one replication. The accumulated population density was the highest observed aphid (408.74) and the lowest was recorded in shoot borer (20.66) in winter season. Similarly, the accumulated population density was the highest recorded aphid (205.89) and the lowest was observed field cricket (3) summer season. Total number of arthropods was recorded 734 and 346 in winter and summer season; respectively. The highest number of aphids was observed and relative abundance was recorded 55.58% in winter and in summer the highest number of aphids was noted and relative abundance was observed 59.24%. In winter bean flowering stage was recorded the highest number of aphids (150) and the lowest number was recorded in vegetative stage (120); in epilachna beetle was recorded flowering stage was recorded the highest (31) number and the lowest number was recorded in vegetative stage (24); followed by the shoot borer mainly infested in vegetative stage and lowest the others two stages and pod borer infested the highest (235) number in reproductive stage and nil in vegetative stage and moderate number in flowering stage.