Neha Jain

Nei mammiferi l'ossitocina nonapeptidica (OT) esercita molte funzioni biologiche diverse attraverso i recettori transmembrana accoppiati a proteine G - OTR e vasopressina - di tipo V1 (V1a e V1b) e V2. L'OT efficace dopo la somministrazione per qualsiasi via parenterale come quella i.p., s.c., i.m., i.v., intranasale e orale. Questa tesi ha esplorato il biotest di tossicit dell'OT sintetico su topi femmina. A questo proposito, 36 topi femmina sono stati assegnati a caso in 2 gruppi: controllo (n=18) e trattato (n=18). I gruppi trattati e di controllo sono stati sottoposti a dosi intraperitonali (i.p.) di OT sintetico (50mIU/g di peso corporeo) e di soluzione fisiologica, rispettivamente, per una durata diversa, ossia 30, 60 e 90 giorni a partire dal giorno postnatale 10 5. Sono stati eseguiti il peso corporeo e degli organi relativi, il ciclo dell'estro, le analisi ematologiche, biochimiche ed enzimologiche del siero, il dosaggio ormonale del siero, la stima delle amine biogene nel cervello totale e lo studio istopatologico. Le analisi statistiche sono state eseguite mediante ANOVA a una via e SEM. Questa ricerca stata condotta secondo il protocollo del Comitato Etico Istituzionale per gli Animali (IAEC) dell'Universit Barkatullah, Bhopal, India, con Reg. 1885/GO/Re/S/16/CPCSEA/IAEC/BU/07.

Chez les mammif res, l'ocytocine nonapeptidique (OT) exerce de nombreuses fonctions biologiques diff rentes par l'interm diaire de r cepteurs transmembranaires coupl s aux prot ines G - OTR et r cepteurs de la vasopressine - de type V1 (V1a et V1b) et V2. L'OT est efficace apr s administration par toute voie parent rale telle que i.p., s.c., i.m., i.v., intranasale et orale. Cette th se a explor le bio-essai de toxicit de l'OT synth tique sur des souris femelles. Pour ce faire, 36 souris femelles ont t r parties au hasard en 2 groupes: le groupe t moin (n=18) et le groupe trait (n=18). Les groupes trait s et t moins ont re u une dose intrap riton ale (i.p.) d'OT synth tique (50mUI/g de poids corporel) et de solution saline physiologique respectivement pendant diff rentes dur es, savoir 30, 60 et 90 jours partir du jour postnatal 10 5. Le poids corporel et le poids relatif des organes, le cycle d'oestrus, l'analyse h matologique, l'analyse biochimique et enzymologique du s rum, le dosage hormonal du s rum, l'estimation des amines biog nes dans le cerveau total et l' tude histopathologique ont t r alis s. Les analyses statistiques ont t effectu es par ANOVA sens unique et SEM. Cette recherche a t effectu e selon le protocole du Comit d' thique des animaux institutionnels (IAEC), Universit Barkatullah, Bhopal, Inde avec Reg. No. 1885/GO/Re/S/16/CPCSEA/IAEC/BU/07.

Le but de cette recherche tait d'aborder les m canismes mol culaires de la g notoxicit de l'isocyanate de m thyle sur les prot ines r gulatrices du cycle cellulaire et d' valuer l'expression de la prot ine p21 dans des cellules de mammif res en culture. De plus, ces dommages provoquent une cascade d'initiation des prot ines ATM, p53 et p21, conduisant l'arr t du cycle cellulaire et d clenchant les m canismes de r paration de l'ADN ou l'apoptose, mais si le g ne p21 est mut en raison de la toxicit g nomique, la prot ine p21 est incapable de s'exprimer, ce qui entrave les m canismes d'arr t du cycle cellulaire, et les cellules passent l' tat canc reux. Pour la mise en oeuvre de l'enqu te, les lign es cellulaires de souris choisies, savoir MM55. K et NIH/3T3, ont t s lectionn es. Les param tres de l' tude taient l'analyse qualitative de la prot ine p21 par immunofluorescence, l'analyse quantitative de la prot ine p21 par Western Blot et la cin tique de la prot ine p21 par cytom trie en flux. Cette tude fait partie d'un projet de recherche majeur du d partement de recherche du Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal-462033 (M. P), Inde. Toutes les enqu tes ont t men es conform ment aux normes du Conseil d'examen institutionnel (IRB) du BMHRC.

The book tries to explore the beauty of nature in its own way. Each of the poet here, tries to convey a unique message to the readers, taking into consideration a different aspect of its beauty. Let each poem touch your heart and speak out loud the today's need to stand together and conserve this natural beauty.

Neha Jain is an Indian poet, born in 1993. She holds a Bachelor degree in Computer Applications from Banasthali University, Rajasthan. She has also worked as the editor of her yearly school magazine 'Yatra. Her subject genres include social, political and current issues. You may follow the artist on Facebook at www.facebook.com/neharshitjain as well as Instagram @pondpoets and her blog at neharshit.blogspot.com

International criminal law lacks a coherent account of individual responsibility. This failure is due to the inability of international tribunals to capture the distinctive nature of individual responsibility for crimes that are collective by their very nature. Specifically, they have misunderstood the nature of the collective action or framework that makes these crimes possible, and for which liability may be attributed to intellectual authors, policy makers and leaders. In this book, the author draws on insights from comparative law and methodology to propose doctrines of perpetration and secondary responsibility that reflect the role and function of high-level participants in mass atrocity, while simultaneously situating them within the political and social climate which renders these crimes possible. This new doctrine is developed through a novel approach which combines and restructures divergent theoretical perspectives on attribution of responsibility in English and German domestic criminal law, as major representatives of the common law and civil law systems. At the same time, it analyses existing theories of responsibility in international criminal law and assesses whether there is any justification for their retention by international criminal tribunals.

International criminal law lacks a coherent account of individual responsibility. This failure is due to the inability of international tribunals to capture the distinctive nature of individual responsibility for crimes that are collective by their very nature. Specifically, they have misunderstood the nature of the collective action or framework that makes these crimes possible, and for which liability may be attributed to intellectual authors, policy makers and leaders. In this book, the author draws on insights from comparative law and methodology to propose doctrines of perpetration and secondary responsibility that reflect the role and function of high-level participants in mass atrocity, while simultaneously situating them within the political and social climate which renders these crimes possible. This new doctrine is developed through a novel approach which combines and restructures divergent theoretical perspectives on attribution of responsibility in English and German domestic criminal law, as major representatives of the common law and civil law systems. At the same time, it analyses existing theories of responsibility in international criminal law and assesses whether there is any justification for their retention by international criminal tribunals.