Priyanka Karande

Cebola (Allium cepa L.) 2n=16. uma planta altamente polinizada, bienal para a produ o de sementes e anual para a produ o de bolbos, pertencente fam lia Alliaceae. A cebola um dos produtos hort colas mais importantes e cultivada em todo o mundo ao ar livre. Tornou-se uma importante cultura comercial devido sua rea, produ o e consumo. Durante as ltimas d cadas, o conhecimento e a compreens o de v rios aspectos da produ o vegetal t m sido objeto de enormes desenvolvimentos, tendo sido produzida diversa literatura. Para melhorar o rendimento e a qualidade dos bolbos atrav s da sele o de melhores variedades, a informa o sobre a natureza e a magnitude da variabilidade do rendimento e de outros caracteres presentes na popula o devido a causas gen ticas e n o gen ticas desempenha um papel importante e, como tal, um pr -requisito para qualquer programa de melhoramento sistem tico. O rendimento das culturas, sendo complexo por natureza, depende em grande medida dos caracteres que o constituem e das suas interac es. O conhecimento da associa o destes caracteres com o rendimento ser mais til para planear as estrat gias de sele o para melhorar o rendimento. Ao longo deste livro s o discutidas muitas ideias e problemas para ajudar os estudantes e investigadores.

Oignon (Allium cepa L.) 2n=16. Il s'agit d'une plante forte pollinisation crois e, bisannuelle pour la production de semences et annuelle pour la production de bulbes, appartenant la famille des Alliac es. L'oignon est l'un des l gumes les plus importants et il est cultiv en plein air dans le monde entier. Il est devenu une culture commerciale importante en raison de sa superficie, de sa production et de sa consommation. Au cours des derni res d cennies, des d veloppements consid rables ont contribu la connaissance et la compr hension de divers aspects de la production v g tale et de nombreuses publications ont t produites. Pour am liorer le rendement et la qualit des bulbes par la s lection de meilleures vari t s, les informations sur la nature et l'ampleur de la variabilit du rendement et d'autres caract res pr sents dans la population en raison de causes g n tiques et non g n tiques jouent un r le important et constituent donc une condition pr alable tout programme de s lection syst matique. Le rendement d'une culture, de nature complexe, d pend largement des caract res qui y contribuent et de leurs interactions. La connaissance de l'association de ces caract res avec le rendement sera plus utile pour planifier les strat gies de s lection en vue d'am liorer le rendement. Ce livre aborde de nombreuses id es et probl mes afin d'aider les tudiants et les chercheurs.

Onion (Allium cepa L.) 2n=16. It is a highly cross-pollinated, biennial for seed production and annual for bulb production, belonging to family Alliaceae. Onion is one of the most important vegetables and grown worldwide under outdoor condition. It has become an important commercial crop because of its area, production and consumption. During the past few decades tremendous developments have contributed to the knowledge and understanding of various aspects of crop production and various literatures has been generated. To improve the bulb yield and quality through selection of better varieties, the information on the nature and magnitude of variability for yield and other characters present in the population owing to its genetic and non-genetic causes play an important role and as such it is a pre-requisite for any systematic breeding programme. The crop yield being complex in nature depends largely on its contributing characters and their interactions. Knowledge on association of these traits with yield will be more useful to plan the selection strategies for improving the yield. With going this book many ideas and problems are discussed to help out the students, research workers.

The improvement in garlic was attempted for higher yield, better quality and storability in India and world. For successful improvement in any crop the knowledge of its genetic nature is important. Garlic is a sterile diploid (2n=2x=16). Since it is a clonally propagated crop, less variability exists. In consequence garlic breeding has been limited to the selection through the pre-existing genetic variability and increase in garlic variability was attempted via mutation breeding and in-vitro techniques. So, it was important to induce variability through mutation. Various physical and chemical mutagens are used to induce mutations in plants. In all cases, an effective mass propagation system is needed for multiplication of selected elite material for commercial purposes. This book is help out the students, research workers and biotechnologists.