Qing Li

Intelligent computing is a computational approach primarily inspired by the objective laws governing biological groups in nature, as well as the behaviors of biological thinking and movement. It encompasses various algorithmic fields such as evolutionary computation, swarm intelligence computation, neural computation, and more. These algorithms typically achieve the goals of intelligent computing by simulating the distinctive functions of certain species in nature or specific characteristics of natural phenomena. By programming and executing the collective wisdom of biological groups and leveraging natural laws, optimization algorithms with intelligent essence are designed. This book serves as an introduction to widely used and common intelligent computing methods. It covers fundamental concepts, principles, model characteristics, and typical application examples of various intelligent computing methods. Additionally, it provides the latest examples along with corresponding Matlab or Python codes, facilitating readers in deepening their understanding and reproducing the content. The target audience for this book includes senior undergraduate and graduate students majoring in automation, artificial intelligence, intelligent science and technology, computer science, and related fields. It can also serve as a valuable self-study reference for professionals in computer science, artificial intelligence, and related disciplines.

As a well-known text mining tool, topic modeling can effectively discover the latent semantic structure of text data. Extracting topics from documents is also one of the fundamental challenges in natural language processing. Although topic models have seen significant achievements over the past three decades, there remains a scarcity of methods that effectively model temporal aspect. Moreover, many contemporary topic models continue to grapple with the issue of noise contamination, particularly in social media data. This book presents several approaches designed to address these two limitations. Initially, traditional lifelong topic models aim to accumulate knowledge learned from experience for future task. However, the sequence of topics extracted by these methods may shift over time, leading to semantic misalignment between the topic representations across document streams. Such misalignment can degrade the performances of various downstream tasks, including online document classification and dynamic information retrieval at the topic level. Additionally, the challenge of coherent topic modeling is particularly relevant due to the noise and large scale of social media datasets. Messages on social media platforms often consists of only a few words, resulting in a lack of significant context. Models applied directly to this type of text frequently encounter the problem of feature sparsity, which can yield unsatisfactory outcomes. In the context of emotion detection, public emotions are known to fluctuate across different topics, and topics can evoke public emotion. Thus, there is a strong interconnection between topic discovery and emotion detection. Jointly modeling topics and emotions is a suitable strategy for these tasks. This book also examines the impact of topics on emotion detection and other related areas.

This book puts forward the concept of a virtual equivalent system (VES) based on theoretical analysis and simulation results. The new concept will facilitate the development of a uni?ed framework for analyzing the stability and convergence of self-tuning control (STC) systems, and potentially, of all adaptive control systems. The book then shows that a time-varying STC system can be converted into a time-invariant system using a certain nonlinear compensation signal, which reduces the complexity and di?culty of stability and convergence analysis. In closing, the VES concept and methodology are used to assess the stability of multiple model adaptive control (MMAC) systems and T-S model-based fuzzy control systems.

This book puts forward the concept of a virtual equivalent system (VES) based on theoretical analysis and simulation results. The new concept will facilitate the development of a uni?ed framework for analyzing the stability and convergence of self-tuning control (STC) systems, and potentially, of all adaptive control systems. The book then shows that a time-varying STC system can be converted into a time-invariant system using a certain nonlinear compensation signal, which reduces the complexity and di?culty of stability and convergence analysis. In closing, the VES concept and methodology are used to assess the stability of multiple model adaptive control (MMAC) systems and T-S model-based fuzzy control systems.

This book presents a class of novel optimal control methods and games schemes based on adaptive dynamic programming techniques. For systems with one control input, the ADP-based optimal control is designed for different objectives, while for systems with multi-players, the optimal control inputs are proposed based on games. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, the book analyzes the properties of the adaptive dynamic programming methods, including convergence of the iterative value functions and the stability of the system under the iterative control laws. Further, to substantiate the mathematical analysis, it presents various application examples, which provide reference to real-world practices.

This book is the first to provide an in-depth analysis about the history, urban development, planning, and preservation of the Lhasa city over the last thirteen centuries. It studis the old Lhasa city as part of Tibet's social and historical evolution process, therefore, the book presentes a relatively wide angle of vision and objective understanding. The research draws on an unparalleled amount of archival sources as well as up-to-date findings of original research projects. In the meanwhile, some experiences of other Chinese historical cities are also included for comparison with the preservation of the old Lhasa city. This book also contains many unique first-hand photos and high-quality illustrations. They can be used as a reference for scholars and students who are interested in the field of historical and cultural preservation in Chinese urban planning and construction. The book can also be useful to tourists or the people who are interested in the cultural and religious historyof Tibet.

The definitive--and by far the most popular--guide to the therapeutic Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku, or the art and science of how trees can promote health and happiness Notice how a tree sways in the wind. Run your hands over its bark. Take in its citrusy scent. As a society we suffer from nature deficit disorder, but studies have shown that spending mindful, intentional time around trees--what the Japanese call shinrin-yoku, or forest bathing--can promote health and happiness. In this beautiful book--featuring more than 100 color photographs from forests around the world, including the forest therapy trails that criss-cross Japan--Dr. Qing Li, the world's foremost expert in forest medicine, shows how forest bathing can reduce your stress levels and blood pressure, strengthen your immune and cardiovascular systems, boost your energy, mood, creativity, and concentration, and even help you lose weight and live longer. Once you've discovered the healing power of trees, you can lose yourself in the beauty of your surroundings, leave everyday stress behind, and reach a place of greater calm and wellness.

This book is the first to provide an in-depth analysis about the history, urban development, planning, and preservation of the Lhasa city over the last thirteen centuries. It studis the old Lhasa city as part of Tibet's social and historical evolution process, therefore, the book presentes a relatively wide angle of vision and objective understanding. The research draws on an unparalleled amount of archival sources as well as up-to-date findings of original research projects. In the meanwhile, some experiences of other Chinese historical cities are also included for comparison with the preservation of the old Lhasa city. This book also contains many unique first-hand photos and high-quality illustrations. They can be used as a reference for scholars and students who are interested in the field of historical and cultural preservation in Chinese urban planning and construction. The book can also be useful to tourists or the people who are interested in the cultural and religious historyof Tibet.

This book discusses topics concerning digital game-based learning focusing on learning-by-game-building and Web 2.0. Grounded in the new theoretical perspective of enactivism, this book shows how such an approach can help students gain deep understanding of subjects such as mathematics and history, as well as undergraduate or graduate students’ learning of pedagogy and also adult driver’s learning of road safety rules. Written for undergraduate students in teacher education, experienced teachers, and graduate students, this book is an ideal text for courses related to technology integration and digital game-based learning. It is also beneficial for researchers, educators, parents, school administrators, game designers, and anyone who is interested in new ways of learning and digital games.

This book discusses topics concerning digital game-based learning focusing on learning-by-game-building and Web 2.0. Grounded in the new theoretical perspective of enactivism, this book shows how such an approach can help students gain deep understanding of subjects such as mathematics and history, as well as undergraduate or graduate students’ learning of pedagogy and also adult driver’s learning of road safety rules. Written for undergraduate students in teacher education, experienced teachers, and graduate students, this book is an ideal text for courses related to technology integration and digital game-based learning. It is also beneficial for researchers, educators, parents, school administrators, game designers, and anyone who is interested in new ways of learning and digital games.

IPv6 Socket API Extensions: Programmer's Guide covers the IPv6 applicaton programming interfaces (API) extensions and enhancements that have been made to the socket APIs. The book begins with a brief overview of the API specifications along with sample code usage. Then an explanation of the internal kernel implementation that realizes the services offered by the API sets is detailed. Also descriptions of several standard user libraries that have been extended or created to support IPv6 are reviewed. Includes various examples which illustrate how to write portable applications that can run on either IPv4 or IPv6 networks. Succinct treatment of everything you need to know to get up and running with IPv6 socket programming in one affordable volume.

Mobile IPv6 has become the key enabling technology for mobile data and multimedia services and devices worldwide (i.e., cellular systems, VoIP handovers over LAN, multi-access network handovers, location privacy, enterprise mobile networking, etc.). This book covers the IPv6 host mobility protocol known as "mobile IPv6" and begins with a basic description of mobile IPv6 and then details protocol specifications and data structures as well as actual implementation. A sample configuration for a real Mobile IPv6 operation is provided at the end of the book.

IPv6 Advanced Protocols Implementation is the second installment of a two-volume series on IPv6 and the KAME implementation. This book discusses those protocols that are found in more capable IPv6 devices, are commonly deployed in more complex IPv6 network environments, or are not specific to IPv6 but are extended to support IPv6. Specifically, this book engages the readers in advanced topics such as routing, multicasting, DNS, DHCPv6, mobility, and security. This two-volume series covers a wide spectrum of the IPv6 technology, help the readers establish solid and empirical understanding on IPv6 and the KAME reference implementation paralleled by none. Key Features: Extensive code listings with meticulous line-by-line explanation of rationale and use for KAME snapshot implementations on advanced IPv6 related protocols, including: Unicast and multicast routing and DNS client based on KAME snapshot dated April 2003, which are a base of more recent versions of BSD variants Mobile IPv6 based on KAME snapshot dated July 2004, a predecessor version of the "SHISA" implementation DHCPv6 based on KAME snapshot dated May 2005, a base of the WIDE-DHCPv6 implementation available at SourceForge today Numerous diagrams and illustrations help in visualizing the implementation In-depth discussion of the standards provides intrinsic understanding of the specifications An introduction to the IP security protocols along with the use of the racoon key exchange daemon Two CD-ROMs filled with the complete KAME IPv6 protocol stack and FreeBSD software

Edge computing has been identified as one of the key technologies for 5G networks and beyond due to two prominent advantages: low network latency and reduced core network load. By empowering cloud capabilities and IT service environments at the network edge, edge computing can well support applications of 5G and beyond, such as augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR), vehicular network (ultra-reliable low-latency communication services),Internet of Things (massive machine type communication services), and mobile high-definition video (enhanced mobile broadband services). Therefore, edge computing has attracted the attention of both industry and academia since its emergence. This book highlights the progress of 5G edge computing in both industry and academia according to our long-term efforts, including the current practice of public edge providers, the research process of edge computing from academia, the integration of edge computing with 5G, and the future visions of edge computing in the 6G era. From this book, the readers can benefit from: (1) the first comprehensive measurement study on a leading public edge platform, NEP (next-generation edge platform); 2) a clear and in-depth introduction of the key technologies of 5G edge computing; (3) the latest progress of 5G-integrated edge computing; and (4) pioneering exploration of 6G edge computing based on Tiansuan constellation – an open satellite-terrestrial integrated platform. Both the researchers from academia or practitioners from industry can benefit significantly from this book.