Sainudeen Pattazhy

India is a megadiverse nation, housing around 10% of world's species. It also has a rich cultural heritage going back thousands of years. Much of Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land. Environmental services from species and ecosystems are essential at global, regional and local levels. India is a megadiverse nation and land of around 10% of world's species. It also has a rich cultural heritage traced back to thousands of years. Much of Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land. Unfortunately, due to population explosion, climate change and lax implementation of environmental policies, several species are facing the threat of extinction. A complete summary on the Biodiversity in India is discussed in this book.

Minor planet is a term used to refer to a celestial object - that is not a planet or comet - which orbits the Sun. Found in 1801, Ceres, also known as a dwarf planet, was the first minor planet discovered. The term minor planet has been in use since the 1800's. Planetoids, asteroids, and minor planets have all been used interchangeably, but the situation became even more confusing when the International Astronomical Union (IAU) committee reclassified minor planets and comets into the new categories of dwarf planets and small solar system bodies. At the same time, the IAU created a new definition of what a planet is, and Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet. Hydrostatic equilibrium - the ability to maintain a roughly spherical shape - is what separates dwarf planets from the more irregularly shaped small solar system bodies. The names become even more confusing because the IAU still recognizes the use of the term minor planets.

Since its inception, there have been concerns about the ill-effect of the mobile towers and mobile phones. Despite being a relatively newly acknowledged form of pollution, EMRs and their negative impacts on biological systems and environment have already been reported by several studies. However most of the available scientific literature on the negative environmental effects of electromagnetic fields reports the results of experimental and epidemiological studies examining the impact on various aspects of human health. Some countries have established new, low-intensity based exposure standards that respond to studies reporting effects that do not rely on heating. Consequently, new exposure guidelines are having hundreds or thousands times lower than those of Institution of Electronics and Electrical Engineers (IEEE) and ICNIRP. shows some of the countries that have lowered their limits, for example, in the cell phone frequency range of 800 MHz to 900 MHz. The levels range from 10 microwatts per centimeter squared in Italy and Russia to 4.2 microwatts per centimeter squared in Switzerland.