Sanaullah Khan

This book uses the notion of “discretionary medicine” to explore the landscape of contemporary healthcare in Pakistan. It considers how patients frequently experience health interventions as out of touch with the suffering of everyday life and how healthcare provisions are viewed as intrusive, corrupted, and lacking in empathy towards the sick. The study focuses on mental health, acknowledging that the experience of mental illness in Pakistan is increasingly inseparable from conditions of chronic poverty caused directly by deepening inequality. The chapters address the establishment of priorities by the Pakistani healthcare system in conjunction with global disease programs and investigate the misalignments between the priorities of global institutes and local expectations/realities. It is argued that the discretionary nature of medicine is caused by the remnants of colonial-era laws, which link the maintenance of public health with questions of security. This, the author suggests, frequently contributes to forms of care that are riddled with bureaucratic violence. Using a combination of archival and ethnographic research, the book offers a multi-sited and interdisciplinary perspective on healthcare, ranging from care within low-income households and neighborhoods to diasporic communities and state institutions. It will be of interest to scholars and students of medical/psychiatric anthropology, global health, and history of medicine, as well as South Asian and Pakistan studies.

This book uses the notion of “discretionary medicine” to explore the landscape of contemporary healthcare in Pakistan. It considers how patients frequently experience health interventions as out of touch with the suffering of everyday life and how healthcare provisions are viewed as intrusive, corrupted, and lacking in empathy towards the sick. The study focuses on mental health, acknowledging that the experience of mental illness in Pakistan is increasingly inseparable from conditions of chronic poverty caused directly by deepening inequality. The chapters address the establishment of priorities by the Pakistani healthcare system in conjunction with global disease programs and investigate the misalignments between the priorities of global institutes and local expectations/realities. It is argued that the discretionary nature of medicine is caused by the remnants of colonial-era laws, which link the maintenance of public health with questions of security. This, the author suggests, frequently contributes to forms of care that are riddled with bureaucratic violence. Using a combination of archival and ethnographic research, the book offers a multi-sited and interdisciplinary perspective on healthcare, ranging from care within low-income households and neighborhoods to diasporic communities and state institutions. It will be of interest to scholars and students of medical/psychiatric anthropology, global health, and history of medicine, as well as South Asian and Pakistan studies.

In Spirit of the Mind, Sanaullah Khan delves into Islamic perspectives on the soul and its implications for spirituality and self-cultivation. Despite varying views on the soul's composition, a shared belief has persisted among theologians, scholars, preachers and reformists that it bears traces of the divine. Thus, drawing closer to God and gaining knowledge of nature involve returning to the soul's natural state of perfection. Central to Islamic thought is the struggle between the soul and the nafs (lower self), embodying carnal desires. In this context, achieving closeness to God requires purifying the soul to control the nafs. Khan traces a genealogy of the Islamic notion of the soul by exploring disturbances of the soul through Greek humoral theory, notions of spiritual weakness as deviation from perfection, the heart representing the seat of the soul, and the soul's aspiration for the divine light (nur) for its purification. Khan reflects on Islamic notions of the self through the tradition of the Perfect Man, which emphasizes spiritual ascent and divine proximity. Overall, the monograph offers a nuanced exploration of the soul's significance in Islamic thought, highlighting what thinkers have considered as the path to divine proximity and enlightenment.

Conhe a o impacto das taxas de imposto sobre o rendimento e da taxa de infla o sobre o seu rendimento. N o basta que o seu rendimento bruto seja elevado, o importante que o seu rendimento pessoal seja suficientemente elevado para satisfazer as suas necessidades e melhorar o seu n vel de vida. Compare o seu aumento com as taxas de infla o e de imposto sobre o rendimento. Caso contr rio, n o poder saber se o seu aumento ir acrescentar algo ao seu n vel de vida ou se ser apenas suficiente para compensar o aumento da infla o e dos impostos.

Conoscere l'impatto delle aliquote dell'imposta sul reddito e del tasso di inflazione sul vostro reddito. Non sufficiente che il vostro reddito lordo sia elevato, l'importante che il vostro reddito personale sia abbastanza alto da soddisfare le vostre esigenze e migliorare il vostro tenore di vita. Confrontate il vostro incremento con i tassi di inflazione e di imposta sul reddito. In caso contrario, non sarete in grado di sapere se il vostro incremento aggiunger qualcosa al vostro tenore di vita o se sar appena sufficiente a compensare l'aumento dell'inflazione e delle imposte.

Kennen Sie die Auswirkungen der Einkommensteuers tze und der Inflationsrate auf Ihr Einkommen. Es reicht nicht aus, dass Ihr Bruttoeinkommen hoch ist, wichtig ist, dass Ihr pers nliches Einkommen hoch genug ist, um Ihre Bed rfnisse zu erf llen und Ihren Lebensstandard zu verbessern. Vergleichen Sie Ihr Einkommen mit der Inflation und den Einkommenssteuers tzen. Andernfalls k nnen Sie nicht wissen, ob Ihr Einkommenszuwachs Ihren Lebensstandard erh ht oder gerade ausreicht, um die steigende Inflation und die Steuern auszugleichen.

Conna tre l'impact de l'imp t sur le revenu et du taux d'inflation sur votre revenu. Il ne suffit pas que votre revenu brut soit lev , l'important est que votre revenu personnel soit suffisamment lev pour r pondre vos besoins et am liorer votre niveau de vie. Comparez votre augmentation avec les taux d'inflation et d'imp t sur le revenu. Sinon, vous ne pourrez pas savoir si votre augmentation vous permettra d'am liorer votre niveau de vie ou si elle suffira juste compenser la hausse de l'inflation et des imp ts.

The book explores the interrelation between carceral conditions and substance use by considering the intersections between drug markets, sidewalks, households, and prisons in Baltimore. Sanaullah Khan argues that while housing, medicalization, and incarceration fundamentally create the conditions for substance use, individuals are increasingly experiencing the paradoxes of care and punishment and forging new pharmaceutical selves. By shedding light on how addiction and the impetus for healing moves through families and institutions of the state, Khan provides an account of the different and competing forces around substance use, recovery, and relapse. Through a combination of archival research and ethnography, the book makes a case for disentangling recovery from punishment.