Sasha Romanosky

Section 1652 of the fiscal year 2020 National Defense Authorization Act tasks the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) to perform a zero-based review (ZBR)--a detailed review rather than a simple comparison with previous size or budget--of its cybersecurity and information technology workforces. The ZBR process described in this report constitutes a transparent, repeatable process with which DoD can conduct ZBRs across the DoD cyber enterprise.

U. S. Central Command (CENTCOM) Directorate of Intelligence sought RAND Corporation assistance in developing a repeatable process to measure the effectiveness of its intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations to evaluate current performance and plan for, influence, and resource future operations. The authors identified measures of effectiveness and of performance to gauge the value and success of ISR support and requirements.

This report examines the portfolio of tools funded by the State Department s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor that help support Internet freedom and assesses the impact of these tools in promoting U. S. interests (such as freedom of expression, freedom of the press, and the free flow of information) without enabling criminal activity."