Stuti Mohan

A ancoragem um dos aspectos desafiadores do tratamento ortod ntico. No passado, aparelhos extrabucais, el sticos e v rios outros aparelhos foram sugeridos como formas eficazes de ancoragem ortod ntica. O uso de m todos convencionais de ancoragem geralmente requer a ades o do paciente, resultando em movimentos dent rios rec procos indesejados, podendo ser limitado em pacientes com denti es comprometidas. Em um esfor o para superar alguns desses problemas, a ancoragem esquel tica tem sido cada vez mais incorporada ao tratamento ortod ntico ao longo dos ltimos 25 anos. A busca pela ancoragem absoluta come ou com implantes dent rios convencionais, implantes retromolares e implantes palatinos. Entretanto, as limita es de espa o, o custo dos implantes e as dificuldades de conex o com os aparelhos ortod nticos incentivaram o r pido desenvolvimento de dispositivos menores que poderiam ser colocados em v rios locais da arcada dent ria. Os mini-implantes e miniplacas foram projetados especificamente para ancoragem ortod ntica, que satisfizeram alguns desses requisitos e est o sendo progressivamente adotados na pr tica da Ortodontia.

Zakotwienie jest jednym z najtrudniejszych aspekt w leczenia ortodontycznego. W przeszlości jako skuteczne formy zakotwiczenia ortodontycznego proponowano pozaustrojowe nakrycia glowy, gumki i wiele innych urządzeń. Stosowanie konwencjonalnych metod zakotwiczenia wymaga na og l przestrzegania zaleceń pacjenta, co skutkuje niepożądanymi wzajemnymi ruchami zęb w i może byc ograniczone u pacjent w z naruszonym uzębieniem. W celu przezwyciężenia niekt rych z tych problem w od ponad 25 lat coraz częściej stosuje się w leczeniu ortodontycznym kotwiczenie szkieletowe. Dążenie do absolutnego zakotwiczenia zęb w rozpoczęlo się od tradycyjnych implant w stomatologicznych, implant w retromolarnych i implant w podniebiennych. Jednak ograniczenia przestrzenne, koszt implant w oraz trudności z podlączeniem do aparat w ortodontycznych sprzyjaly szybkiemu rozwojowi mniejszych urządzeń, kt re można bylo umieszczac w r żnych miejscach luku zębowego. Miniskrewy i miniplaty zostaly specjalnie zaprojektowane do ortodontycznego zakotwiczenia, kt re spelnily niekt re z tych wymagań i są stopniowo wprowadzane do praktyki ortodontycznej.

Anchorage is one of the challenging aspect of orthodontic treatment. In the past, extraoral headgear, elastics, and a number of other appliances have been suggested as effective forms of orthodontic anchorage. Use of Conventional anchorage methods generally requires patient compliance, resulting in unwanted reciprocal tooth movements, and can be limited in patients with compromised dentitions. In an effort to overcome some of these problems, skeletal anchorage has been increasingly incorporated into orthodontic treatment for over the 25 years. The quest for absolute anchorage began with conventional dental implants, retromolar implants, and palatal implants. However, space limitations, cost of the implants, and difficulties with connecting to the orthodontic appliances encouraged the rapid development of smaller devices that could be placed in various locations in the dental arch. Miniscrews and miniplates were specifically designed for orthodontic anchorage which satisfied some of those requirements and are being progressively adopted into orthodontics practice.

The book is a review of literature that deals with a very common debate that is present in the field of orthodontics, that is, whether to go for en-masse retraction of two-step retraction when anterior teeth are to be retracted. it attempts to clear the concepts of the readers as to what mechanics to be used while retracting and in what situations, which method needs to be chosen for anterior tooth retraction.