Tariq Mahmood

ber den epidemiologischen Zusammenhang zwischen Migr ne und Stimmungsst rungen wird seit Mitte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts berichtet. Diese Monographie beschreibt eine der ersten Studien zur Assoziation von Migr ne und bipolarer St rung. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Studien blickt diese ber das Oberfl chliche hinaus und versucht, die biologischen Grundlagen der bipolaren St rung und der Migr ne-Ko-Morbidit t zu verstehen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurde die Rolle des zentralen serotonergen Systems untersucht, indem neuropharmakologische Challenge-Studien bei Patienten mit bipolarer St rung oder Migr ne allein, bei denen, die beides hatten, und bei gesunden Kontrollen durchgef hrt wurden.

L'associazione epidemiologica tra emicrania e disturbi dell'umore stata riportata dalla met del ventesimo secolo. Questa monografia descrive uno dei primi studi sull'associazione dell'emicrania con il disturbo bipolare. A differenza di altri studi, questo guarda oltre il superficiale e cerca di capire le basi biologiche del disturbo bipolare, emicrania co- morbilit . Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, il ruolo del sistema serotoninergico centrale stato indagato realizzando studi di sfida neurofarmacologica in pazienti con disturbo bipolare o emicrania da soli, in quelli che avevano entrambi, e in controlli sani.

A associa o epidemiol gica entre a enxaqueca e as perturba es do humor tem sido relatada desde meados do s culo XX. Esta monografia descreve um dos primeiros estudos sobre a associa o da enxaqueca com as perturba es bipolares. Ao contr rio de outros estudos, este olha para al m do superficial e tenta compreender a base biol gica da desordem bipolar, a co-morbilidade da enxaqueca. Para atingir este objectivo, o papel do sistema seroton rgico central foi investigado atrav s da realiza o de estudos neurofarmacol gicos em doentes com transtorno bipolar ou enxaqueca sozinhos, naqueles que tinham ambos, e em controlos saud veis.

L'association pid miologique entre la migraine et les troubles de l'humeur est signal e depuis le milieu du XXe si cle. Cette monographie d crit l'une des premi res tudes sur l'association entre la migraine et le trouble bipolaire. Contrairement d'autres tudes, celle-ci va au-del du superficiel et tente de comprendre le fondement biologique du trouble bipolaire, la co-morbidit de la migraine. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le r le du syst me s rotoninergique central a t tudi en r alisant des tudes de provocation neuropharmacologique chez des patients atteints de trouble bipolaire ou de migraine uniquement, chez ceux qui pr sentaient les deux, et chez des t moins sains.

Związek epidemiologiczny pomiędzy migreną a zaburzeniami nastroju jest opisywany od polowy XX wieku. Niniejsza monografia opisuje jedno z pierwszych badań nad związkiem migreny z zaburzeniem dwubiegunowym. W przeciwieństwie do innych badań, to patrzy poza powierzchowne i pr buje zrozumiec biologiczne podstawy zaburzenia dwubiegunowego, migreny i wsp lchorobowości. Aby osiągnąc ten cel, rola centralnego ukladu serotoninergicznego zostala zbadana przez przeprowadzenie badań neurofarmakologicznych wyzwań u pacjent w z zaburzeniami dwubiegunowymi lub migreną sam, w tych, kt rzy mieli oba, a w zdrowych kontroli.

Nigella sativa seeds have been used since long in a number of traditional medicine systems. Nigella sativa is used in Unani, Ayurveda, Siddha, Arabic and Chinese indigenous medical systems. The widespread use of Nigella sativa as a spice and as a traditional medicine has spurred modern researchers to study it's therapeutic properties. Many researchers have described the anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties of Nigella sativa seeds. There has also been considerable interest in the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Nigella sativa. In this work we have attempted to describe the free radical scavenging and anti-glycating properties of the ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds. These two activities have been studied because protein glycation and free radical generation are both major mechanisms driving the pathological processes related to complications of diabetes mellitus. In effect this work looks at the ability of the ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds to disrupt the biochemical processes that are responsible for the long term complications of diabetes mellitus.

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2017 in the subject History - Asia, language: English, abstract: It is historical fact that all development and cultural development of societies is due to science and innovations. The fact is that with inventions of science, man's life has become easier and more comfortable. But with this easiness and comforts, negative use of Science has created problems for human beings also. Anyhow, Science has given prediction power to human beings about diseases and seasons also. Similarly, due to science and technology, every one can know about the other who is thousands miles away sitting from this one. And now emails are sent with in the click of the button on the computer which is attached with internet. Therefore, now emails have taken place instead of mails and e-books are being used instead of books. This hardness to softness has changed man because now man can have thousands books in their flash. With these advantages, now money can be easily sent within few seconds. With uncountable innovations of science and technology, there are some problems also arose because of misuse or negligence of side-effects of modern technology. In short, it may be stated that all developments of science and technology may be sustained and all negative impacts may be removed through proper use of scientific knowledge and modern technology.

Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Economics - Finance, language: English, abstract: This paper is written about that topic on which most scholars have not the similar views. So, it may be said that this topic presents some brief discussion about the dilemma of price control. Actually, prices of goods affect not only consumers but producers also. Similarly, prices of factors of production also affect the supply and demand of different factors of production. Therefore, stable prices of goods and services show stable circumstances of the economy and vice versa. Anyhow, in this article, types of price control, types of wage rate and some scholars' views are presented in brief manner. But brief discussion does not mean that this does not have important aspects about price control. While discussing the price control, scholars' views about price control are presented in favor of both sides, to producers and to consumers. Anyhow, price control is a mandatory policy for consumers and for the development of economy in fair dealings. Therefore, no section of society could feel oppressed by the other. In the end of discussion, some advantages and some disadvantages of price control policy are briefly discussed.

The present study was undertaken to develop oral sustained release tablets of metoprolol tartrate using natural hydrophilic matrix formers (xanthan gum and tragacanth). Sustained release matrix tablets of metoprolol tartrate were prepared by using different ratios of drug, xanthan gum and tragacanth. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used as diluent. The polymer was incorporated into a matrix system using direct compression technique. Different formulations were evaluated with respect to dissolution profile in 900 mL phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), 0.1 M HCl solution and distilled water for 12 h at 37 C. Increasing the amount of polymer (xanthan gum) in the formulation led to slow release of drug. The kinetic treatment showed the best fitted different mathematical models (Zero order, First order, Higuchi's and Hixson-Crowell). Most of the solid matrix formulations followed Higuchi or zero order kinetics. The formulations F1, F2, F3 and F7, F8, F9 showed maximum linearity. The results showed that the formulation F9 containing 30% xanthan gum and 10% gum tragacanth is the most similar to that of the reference marketed preparation.