Dental surgical procedures known as guided bone regeneration (GBR) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) use barrier membranes to control the growth of new bone and gingival tissue at sites where there are insufficient amounts of bone or gingival tissue for proper function, aesthetics, or prosthetic restoration. Directed tissue regeneration normally refers to the repair of periodontal attachment; guided bone regeneration typically refers to ridge augmentation or bone regenerative therapies. Similar to direct tissue regeneration, guided bone regeneration concentrates on the development of both hard and soft tissues for periodontal attachment.