Vandana Sharma

A clorexidina um medicamento antimicrobiano de largo espetro, actuando como antiss tico, com uma atividade bactericida eficaz contra todas as categorias de micr bios, incluindo bact rias, leveduras e v rus, mas relativamente mais ativa contra bact rias gram-positivas. A clorexidina segura e tem uma vantagem inerente sobre os antibi ticos, uma vez que n o produz microrganismos resistentes. Como resultado, a clorexidina pode ser utilizada repetidamente e durante longos per odos de tempo, sendo reconhecida como o padr o de ouro em rela o ao qual s o avaliados outros agentes anti-placa e gengivite. A aplica o variada e eficaz da clorexidina torna-a uma op o vi vel para utiliza o em todos os ambientes dent rios e numa variedade de procedimentos e pr -procedimentos dent rios com muito poucos efeitos indesej veis.

Chlorheksydyna jest lekiem przeciwbakteryjnym o szerokim spektrum dzialania, dzialającym jako środek antyseptyczny, o skutecznym dzialaniu bakteriob jczym przeciwko wszystkim kategoriom drobnoustroj w, w tym bakteriom, drożdżom i wirusom, ale stosunkowo bardziej aktywnym przeciwko bakteriom Gram-dodatnim. Chlorheksydyna jest bezpieczna i ma nieodlączną przewagę nad antybiotykami, ponieważ nie wytwarza opornych mikroorganizm w. W rezultacie chlorheksydyna może byc stosowana wielokrotnie i przez dlugi czas. Jest uznawana za zloty standard, w stosunku do kt rego mierzone są inne środki przeciw plytce nazębnej i zapaleniu dziąsel. Zr żnicowane i skuteczne zastosowanie chlorheksydyny sprawia, że jest ona realną opcją do stosowania we wszystkich warunkach stomatologicznych oraz w ramach r żnych procedur stomatologicznych i zabieg w wstępnych przy bardzo niewielu niepożądanych skutkach.

La clorexidina un farmaco antimicrobico ad ampio spettro, che agisce come antisettico, con un'efficace attivit battericida contro tutte le categorie di microbi, compresi batteri, lieviti e virus, ma relativamente pi attivo contro i batteri gram-positivi. La clorexidina sicura e presenta un vantaggio intrinseco rispetto agli antibiotici, in quanto non produce microrganismi resistenti. Di conseguenza, la clorexidina pu essere utilizzata ripetutamente e per lunghi periodi di tempo ed riconosciuta come il gold standard rispetto al quale si misurano gli altri agenti antiplacca e antigengivite. L'applicazione varia ed efficace della clorexidina la rende un'opzione valida per l'uso in tutti i contesti odontoiatrici e nell'ambito di una serie di procedure e pre-procedure odontoiatriche con pochissimi effetti indesiderati.

La chlorhexidine est un m dicament antimicrobien large spectre, agissant comme un antiseptique, avec une activit bact ricide efficace contre toutes les cat gories de microbes, y compris les bact ries, les levures et les virus, mais relativement plus active contre les bact ries gram-positives. La chlorhexidine est s re et pr sente un avantage inh rent par rapport aux antibiotiques en ne produisant pas de micro-organismes r sistants. Par cons quent, la chlorhexidine peut tre utilis e de mani re r p t e et sur de longues p riodes. Elle est reconnue comme l' talon-or par rapport auquel les autres agents anti-plaque et anti-gingivite sont mesur s. L'application vari e et efficace de la chlorhexidine en fait une option viable pour une utilisation dans tous les environnements dentaires et dans une vari t de proc dures dentaires et de pr -proc dures avec tr s peu d'effets ind sirables.

Chlorhexidin ist ein antimikrobielles Arzneimittel mit breitem Wirkungsspektrum, das als Antiseptikum wirkt und eine wirksame bakterizide Aktivit t gegen alle Kategorien von Mikroben, einschlie lich Bakterien, Hefen und Viren, aufweist, aber relativ st rker gegen grampositive Bakterien wirkt . Chlorhexidin ist sicher und hat einen inh renten Vorteil gegen ber Antibiotika, da es keine resistenten Mikroorganismen erzeugt. Daher kann Chlorhexidin wiederholt und ber lange Zeitr ume hinweg eingesetzt werden und gilt als Goldstandard, an dem andere Mittel gegen Plaque und Zahnfleischentz ndung gemessen werden. Die vielseitige und wirksame Anwendung von Chlorhexidin macht es zu einer praktikablen Option f r den Einsatz in allen zahnmedizinischen Bereichen und bei einer Vielzahl von zahnmedizinischen Verfahren und Vorbehandlungen mit sehr wenigen unerw nschten Wirkungen.

Chlorhexidine is a broad- spectrum antimicrobial drug, acting as an antiseptic, with an effective bactericidal activity against all categories of microbes, including bacteria, yeast, and viruses but, relatively more active against gram-positive bacteria. Chlorhexidine is safe and has an inherent advantage over antibiotics by not producing resistant microorganisms. As a result chlorhexidine can be used repeatedly and over long periods of time. It is recognized as the gold standard against which other anti-plaque and gingivitis agents are measured. The varied and effective application of chlorhexidine makes it a viable option for use in all dental settings and within a variety of dental procedures and pre-procedures with very few undesirable effects.

Vikas Sharma is an established writer in the Indian writing realm. His novels, IAS Today, Love's Not Time's Fool, Raah Ke Patthar, Medicine: Light In Twilight, 498A: Fears and Dreams, Ashes and Fire, and Hope Against Hope, have been well received and thoroughly loved by the readers all over. He has been the face of productivity and optimism through the corona virus pandemic. He is a renowned name in the literary world, hailing as a well-established Researcher, Professor, Poet, and Novelist. He has over fifty research papers to his credit in national and international journals. He has also authored, Epiphanies, a famous collection of poems and short stories. He has made his own place in the writing world in a very short period of time by utilizing the pandemic as an opportunity to nurture his creativity and innovation. His novels have been included in the curriculum at many universities and colleges all over India. And many scholars have also chosen his novels for their Ph. D. and research. This inspired me to undertake this venture of critical work on Vikas Sharma's novels. This is an attempt to bring out more from his novels and provide a reference and guide to young students who study his works and make them the center for their own scholarly journey. This book is an attempt to help various students to gain a better understanding, a wider and newer perspective, and a whole new set of ideas about Vikas Sharma's novels and excel in their scholarly goals as they pursue their work on Vikas Sharma and his novels.

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) belonging to the genus Closterovirus, predominantly transmitted by aphid vector, Toxoptera citricida is one of the most destructive pathogens in most of the citrus growing countries in the world including India. CTV genome is a single-stranded positive-sense genomic RNA (gRNA) of 19.3 kb length with 12 open reading frames (ORFs) encoding at least 19 putative proteins. To detect and characterize CTV, a survey was conducted in different orchards of Kagzi lime, Khasi mandarin, Assam lemon, acid lime, rough lemon and sweet orange from North-eastern states (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland). This book provides a detailed study of incidence and characterization of Citrus tristeza virus in the North-eastern states of India.