Benedictus De Spinoza

Ethics is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply the method of Euclid in philosophy. Spinoza puts forward a small number of definitions and axioms from which he attempts to derive hundreds of propositions and corollaries, such as "When the Mind imagines its own lack of power, it is saddened by it"; "A free man thinks of nothing less than of death"; and "The human Mind cannot be absolutely destroyed with the Body, but something of it remains which is eternal."

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An authoritative edition of George Eliot's elegant translation of Spinoza's greatest philosophical workIn 1856, Marian Evans completed her translation of Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics while living in Berlin with the philosopher and critic George Henry Lewes. This would have become the first edition of Spinoza's controversial masterpiece in English, but the translation remained unpublished because of a disagreement between Lewes and the publisher. Later that year, Evans turned to fiction writing, and by 1859 she had published her first novel under the pseudonym George Eliot. This splendid edition makes Eliot's translation of the Ethics available to today's readers while also tracing Eliot's deep engagement with Spinoza both before and after she wrote the novels that established her as one of English literature's greatest writers. Clare Carlisle's introduction places the Ethics in its seventeenth-century context and explains its key philosophical claims. She discusses George Eliot's intellectual formation, her interest in Spinoza, the circumstances of her translation of the Ethics, and the influence of Spinoza's ideas on her literary work. Carlisle shows how Eliot drew on Spinoza's radical insights on religion, ethics, and human emotions, and brings to light surprising affinities between Spinoza's austere philosophy and the rich fictional worlds of Eliot's novels. This authoritative edition demonstrates why George Eliot's translation remains one of the most compelling and philosophically astute renderings of Spinoza's Latin text. It includes notes that indicate Eliot's amendments to her manuscript and that discuss her translation decisions alongside more recent English editions.

An authoritative edition of George Eliot's elegant translation of Spinoza's greatest philosophical workIn 1856, Marian Evans completed her translation of Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics while living in Berlin with the philosopher and critic George Henry Lewes. This would have become the first edition of Spinoza's controversial masterpiece in English, but the translation remained unpublished because of a disagreement between Lewes and the publisher. Later that year, Evans turned to fiction writing, and by 1859 she had published her first novel under the pseudonym George Eliot. This splendid edition makes Eliot's translation of the Ethics available to today's readers while also tracing Eliot's deep engagement with Spinoza both before and after she wrote the novels that established her as one of English literature's greatest writers. Clare Carlisle's introduction places the Ethics in its seventeenth-century context and explains its key philosophical claims. She discusses George Eliot's intellectual formation, her interest in Spinoza, the circumstances of her translation of the Ethics, and the influence of Spinoza's ideas on her literary work. Carlisle shows how Eliot drew on Spinoza's radical insights on religion, ethics, and human emotions, and brings to light surprising affinities between Spinoza's austere philosophy and the rich fictional worlds of Eliot's novels. This authoritative edition demonstrates why George Eliot's translation remains one of the most compelling and philosophically astute renderings of Spinoza's Latin text. It includes notes that indicate Eliot's amendments to her manuscript and that discuss her translation decisions alongside more recent English editions.

Dans ce livre, Spinoza adopte une m thode de d monstration d ductive, calqu e sur le mode de la d monstration math matique, dans laquelle des propositions, d monstrations, scolies et lemmes succ dent aux d finitions, axiomes et postulats. Si ce proc d d'exposition en fonction d'un « ordre g om trique a pour but de conf rer aux raisonnements d velopp s dans l'ouvrage la plus grande rigueur possible. Le livre aborde successivement les th matiques de Dieu, de l' me, des passions (ou affects), du conatus, de la servitude de l'homme, et enfin de la possibilit et des moyens pour l'homme d'acc der la libert et la b atitude.

Benedictus (Baruch) de Spinoza (1632-1677) on uuden ajan tärkeimpiä filosofeja. Tieteissä oli Spinozan aikaan tapahtumassa suuri käänne, ja filosofia etsi vastauksia myös uudenlaisen tieteen herättämiin kysymyksiin. Spinoza pyrki rakentamaan geometrisen mallin mukaisesti metafyysisen järjestelmän, joka vastaisi rationalistisen filosofian vaatimuksia mutta sisältäisi myös uskonnollisista käsityksistä kaiken järjellä perusteltavissa olevan. Etiikka käsittelee Jumalaa ja maailmaa, ihmisen intohimoja sekä ymmärryksen rajoja ja mahdollisuuksia. Jos kaikki tapahtuu kausaalilakien mukaisesti, mitä sijaa jää etiikalle? Mitä tarkoittaa kysymys hyvästä ja pahasta, ja mitä merkitystä on arvoilla, hyveillä ja ihanteilla? Etiikassa Spinoza kiteyttää näkemyksensä hyveiden mukaan elämisestä ja onnellisuuden saavuttamisesta. Alun perin vuonna 1994 ilmestynyt suomennos julkaistaan nyt uudessa asussa.