P Saranraj

Application of traditional waste water treatment requires enormous cost and continuous input of chemicals which becomes uneconomical and causes further environmental damage. Hence, economical and ecofriendly techniques using microorganisms can be applied for fine tuning of waste water treatment. Thus, by this present study, it was concluded that the bacterial isolates like Bacillus odyssey, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Alcaligenes sp., and Nocardiopsis alba were used as a good microbial source for the textile Reactive dye decolourization and waste water treatment in textile dye industries. The bacteria Nocardiopsis alba showed high decolourization percentage against textile Reactive dyes followed by Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Alcaligenes sp., Bacillus odyssey and Bacillus thuringiensis. Among the three dyes tested, the dye Reactive Orange - 16 was highly decolourized by the bacterial isolates when compared to other reactive dyes. The bacterial isolates showed more effective decolourization of the test textile Reactive dyes when compared to the individual bacterial isolates which was isolated from the textile dye effluent.

The antibacterial effect of honey, mostly against Gram positive bacteria, both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects have been reported, against many strains, many of which are pathogenic. In the present research, Natural honey showed maximum Antimicrobial activity and Antioxidant activity than Commercially marketed honey. It was showed that the honey samples does not exhibited antimicrobial activity against the yeast Candida albicans. The pharmacological activity of Vembu honey was comparatively high when compared to the Kombu honey. All the honey samples are resistant to Candida albicans, Shigella flexneri, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest inhibitory activity was observed against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, honey is effective against the bacterial pathogens which are frequently causing Urinary tract infection and Neonatal sepsis, and it is the "SWEET MEDICINE" for bacterial infections. We also recommend the Women and Infants to take the Vembu honey regularly for preventing them from the Urinary tract infection and Neonatal sepsis.

Onion peel act as a good source for the growth of Penicillium chrysogenum than Aspergillus niger. It is very rare to see the single fungal culture in one plate without any other fungal contamination and the rare case was observed in our research in Onion peel medium with Penicillium chrysogenum. Formulation of Selective medium for fungi is very challenging in the present scenario. This present research will provide a way for the production of low cost Selective medium for Penicillium chrysogenum and other fungal isolates. Garlic peel showed an average growth for Penicillium chrysogenum and the fungi Aspergillus niger did not showed any growth on Garlic peel medium. Finally, in our research we concluded that the Onion peel waste was the good low cost environmental free medium for the cultivation of an industrially important fungi Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger. Garlic peel waste medium is the good source for Penicillium chrysogenum cultivation but not for the cultivation of Aspergillus niger. The present study will provide the concept of "Zero waste economy" to this society.