Casting aside the usual Eurocentric theories about the origins of mathematics, the authors investigate Vedic texts which originated in ancient India. Aryabhatta, Sulvastrus, and Bhaskaracharya are among the Sanskrit-speaking theoreticians, whose astronomical works contributed to the ancient body of mathematics, preceding the Greeks. This book deals with some of the chronological difficulties in tracing the history of mathematics, as well as the reasons for the decay in the ancient Vedic civilization.