Waqar Ahmed

Proliposome technologies are stable phospholipid formulations that provide an approach to generating liposomes upon addition of aqueous phase prior to administration. In this monograph, the authors review the potential of proliposomes for pulmonary delivery of liposomes via nebulization using air-jet, ultrasonic and vibrating-mesh nebulizers. They explore both proliposome types, particulate-based and solvent-based. The book concludes that both types are capable of exploiting the energy of nebulization to generate liposomes within nebulizers.

In the second edition of Emerging Nanotechnologies for Manufacturing, an unrivalled team of international experts explores existing and emerging nanotechnologies as they transform large-scale manufacturing contexts in key sectors such as medicine, advanced materials, energy, and electronics. From their different perspectives, the contributors explore technologies and techniques as well as applications and how they transform those sectors. With updated chapters and expanded coverage, the new edition of Emerging Nanotechnologies for Manufacturing reflects the latest developments in nanotechnologies for manufacturing and covers additional nanotechnologies applied in the medical fields, such as drug delivery systems. New chapters on graphene and smart precursors for novel nanomaterials are also added. This important and in-depth guide will benefit a broad readership, from R&D scientists and engineers to venture capitalists.

This volume presents chemical vapour deposition of diamond films for application in cutting tools, microdrills, dental burs and surgical tools. It examines various deposition techniques, discusses mechanisms of diamond growth and their impact on cutting tool life and performance.

A range of DLC, Si-DLC, N-DLC and F-DLC films were prepared using PECVD with various film thicknesses (100-200) nm. The simplest amino acid "Glycine" is used as a model biological compound to investigate surface adsorption phenomena. Following exposure to solutions containing glycine, surface characteristic has been investigated by various techniques. XPS analysis showed the appearance of a new peak at 400 eV (N1s) and a change in the intensity of the C1s and O1s peaks. Both Raman and FTIR spectra showed bands related to functional groups of glycine. AFM analysis showed a change in surface roughness of the films with the ratio of rms values increasing following exposure to glycine. Changes in the surface energy of the films were observed following exposure to glycine with an increase in the surface tension. Based on the kinetic study, the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo first order rate of reaction, and both ∆G and ∆H results showed that the adsorption is spontaneous and exothermic. The Freundlich-Langmuir isotherm suggest that the attachment of glycine is non- uniform and multilayer.